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TÜRK HUKUKUNDA REKABET İHLALLERİNE İLİŞKİN TAZMİNAT DAVALARINDA PASSING-ON SAVUNMASI VE DOLAYLI ALICI KURALININ UYGULANMASI: ABD VE AB UYGULAMALARI IŞIĞINDA DEĞERLENDİRME VE ÖNERİLER

Bir hâkim durum veya kartelden kaynaklı hukuka aykırı fiyat artışı, çoğu durumda dağıtım zincirinin bir üst seviyesindeki alıcılar tarafından bir alt seviyedeki alıcılara aktarılmaktadır. Fiyat artışının bu şekilde dağıtım zinciri boyunca yansıtılması, hangi alıcı grubunun fiyat artışına karşı tazminat davası açma hakkına sahip olacağının belirlenmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Hanover Shoe ve Illinois Brick kararlarında, ABD Yüksek Mahkemesi, rekabet ihlallerine ilişkin tazminat davalarının caydırıcılık amacını tazmin etme amacından üstün tutarak passing-on savunmasını reddedip fiyat artışına karşı yalnızca doğrudan alıcılara dava açma hakkı vermiştir. AB Komisyonu ise, AB Adalet Divanı’nın tazmin etme amacını öne çıkardığı Courage ve Manfredi kararlarını temel alarak passing-on savunması ve dolaylı alıcı kuralının her ikisine de izin vermiştir. Türkiye’de de passing-on savunması ve dolaylı alıcı kuralı açısından, rekabet hukukunun özel hukuk alanında daha etkin uygulanmasına hizmet edici bir politikanın oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Bu makale, ABD ve AB’deki tartışma ve uygulamalardan yararlanmak suretiyle konuya ilişkin bazı değerlendirme ve politika önerileri sunmayı amaçlamaktadır
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Passing-on Savunması, Dolaylı Alıcı Kuralı, Rekabet

THE APPLICATION OF PASSING-ON DEFENCE AND INDIRECT PURCHASER RULE IN ANTITRUST DAMAGES ACTIONS IN TURKISH LAW: THE ASSESSMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF THE US AND THE EU PRACTICES

An illegal overcharge stemming from monopolisation or cartelisation is in most cases passed by purchasers at an upper level of a distribution chain on those at the lower one. Such transmission of the overcharge through distribution chain gives rise to certain difficulties when determining which purchaser group is entitled to bring an action for damages against the overcharge. In Hanover Shoe and Illinois Brick decisions, the US Supreme Court rejected the passingon defence and provided the standing to sue for overcharge only to direct purchasers by giving priority to the deterrence objective of antitrust damages actions over its compensation objective. Based on Courage and Manfredi decisions of the Court of Justice of the EU that highlighted the compensation objective, the European Commission, in the White Paper, suggested a policy recognising both the passing-on defence and the indirect purchaser standing. There is a need to establish a policy on the passing-on defence and the indirect purchaser rule in Turkey in order to ensure the well-functioning of private antitrust enforcement system. This article aims to evaluate the issue comprehensively and provide some policy suggestions through benefiting from the debate and practices in the US and the EU
Keywords:

Passing-on Defence, Indirect Purchaser Rule, Antitrust Violations,

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Rekabet Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1302-552X
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 5 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2000
  • Yayıncı: Rekabet Kurumu
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TÜRK HUKUKUNDA REKABET İHLALLERİNE İLİŞKİN TAZMİNAT DAVALARINDA PASSING-ON SAVUNMASI VE DOLAYLI ALICI KURALININ UYGULANMASI: ABD VE AB UYGULAMALARI IŞIĞINDA DEĞERLENDİRME VE ÖNERİLER

Kadir BAŞ

TÜRK REKABET HUKUKUNDA UYUMLU EYLEMLERİN İSPATI ODAKLI İSPAT TARTIŞMALARI

Gönenç GÜRKAYNAK, K. Korhan YILDIRIM, Hakan ÖZGÖKÇEN, Buğra AYDIN