Ebeveynlerin Sharenting Davranışlarını Yordayan Demografik, Sosyal Ağ Yapısı ve Instagram Kullanımı ile İlgili Faktörler

Ebeveynlerin sosyal medyada çocukları hakkında paylaşım yapmaları sonucu ebeveynlikle ilgili yeni bir kavram olarak ortaya çıkan sharenting üzerine sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, bir sharenting davranışı olarak anne ve babaların Instagram’da çocuklarının fotoğraflarını paylaşma davranışlarını ve bu davranışları yordayan faktörleri incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, demografik (cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve algılanan gelir seviyesi), sosyal ağ yapısı ile ilgili (çevrim içi: Instagram’daki takipçi sayısı, çocukların fotoğraflarını beğenen ve yorumlayan takipçilerin oranı; çevrim dışı: algılanan sosyal destek) ve genel Instagram kullanımı ile ilgili (Intagram hesabını ziyaret etme sıklığı, Instagram kullanıcısı olma süresi, Instagram’da paylaşımda bulunma sıklığı) faktörlerin ebeveynlerin çocuklarının fotoğraflarını paylaşma sıklığı ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Altı yüz yetmiş üç Instagram kullanıcısı ebeveyn demografik bilgi formu, sosyal medya kullanım formu ve algılanan çevrim dışı sosyal destek ölçeğini çevrim içi olarak doldurmuştur. Beş yüz otuz yedi katılımcı (300 anne), çocuklarının en az bir fotoğraflarını kendi Instagram hesaplarında paylaştıklarını belirtmiştir. Anne ve babaların çocuklarının fotoğraflarını paylaşma sıklıkları arasında bir fark gözlenmemiş ve paylaşılan fotoğrafların ağırlıklı olarak özel günler, seyahat ve tatiller ile aile ve arkadaşlarla geçirilen zamana dair olduğu bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonucunda çocukların fotoğraflarının paylaşılma sıklığının ebeveynin yaşı tarafından negatif; ebeveynin Instagram’da paylaşım yapma sıklığı, çocukların fotoğraflarının takipçiler tarafından beğenilme oranı ve algılanan çevrim dışı sosyal destek tarafından pozitif olarak yordandığını görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sharenting, Instagram, ebeveynlik

Demographic, Social Network Structure and Instagram Use Related Factors Predicting Parents' Sharenting Behaviors

There has been limited number of studies on sharenting which has occured as a new concept related to parenting due to parent’s extensive sharing of information about their children on social media. The aim of the present study was to examine mothers’ and fathers’ sharing of their children’s photos on Instagram as a sharenting behavior with its predictors. Thus, the relationship of the frequency of sharing children’s photos with the demographic (gender, age, education level and perceived financial status), social network structure-related (online: number of Instagram followers, ratio of followers liking and commenting on children’s photos; offline: perceived social support), and Instagram-use-related (frequency of visiting account, duration of having an account and frequency of general sharing) factors was analyzed. Six hundred seventy three parents using Instagram completed the demographic information form, the use of social media form, and the perceived offline social support scale. Five hundred thirty seven (300 mothers) parents reported to have shared at least one photo of their children on Instagram. Mothers and fathers did not differ in the frequency of sharing photos and the analysis of the contents of shared photos demonstrated that special events, trips and holidays with children, and times with family and friends were the most frequently reported contents. Regression analysis showed that the frequency of sharing children’s photos was predicted negatively by parents’ age; and positively by the frequency of general sharing, the ratio of followers liking children’ photos, and the perceived offline social support.

Keywords:

sharenting, Instagram, parenting,

PDF

___

Abidin C (2017). #familygoals: Family influencers, calibrated amateurism, and justifying young digital labor. Soc Media Soc, 3: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117707191
Alhabash S, Ma M (2017) A tale of four platforms: Motivations and uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among college students. Soc Media Soc, 3: 1-13.
Ammari T, Kumar P, Lampe C, Schoenebeck S (2015) Managing children’s online identities: How parents decide what to disclose about their children online. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: 1895-1904. New York, ACM Press.
Bartholomew MK, Schoppe-Sullivan SJ, Glassman M, Kamp Dush CM, Sullivan JM (2012) New parents' Facebook use at the transition to parenthood. Fam Relat, 61: 455-569.
Blum-Ross A, Livingstone S (2017) “Sharenting”, parent blogging, and the boundaries of the digital self. Popular Communication, 15: 110-125. doi:10.1080/15405702.2016.1223300
Brosch A (2016) When the child is born into the internet: Sharenting as a growing trend among parents on Facebook. The New Educational Review, 43: 225-235.
Choi G, Levallen J (2017) "Say Instagram, Kids!": Examining sharenting and children's digital representations on Instagram. Howard J Commun, doi: 10.1080/10646175.2017.1327380
Damkjaer MS (2018) Sharenting = Good parenting? Four parental approaches to sharenting on Facebook. In Digital Parenting. The Challenges for Families in the Digital Age (Eds G Mascheroni, C Ponte, A Jorge): 209-218. Göteborg, Nordicom.
Davidson-Wall N (2018) “Mum, seriously!”: Sharenting the new social trend with no opt-out. Paper presented at Debating Communities and Social Networks 2018 OUA Conference, online.
Davis MM (2015) Parents on social media: Likes and dislikes of sharenting. National Poll on Children’s Health. C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, the University of Michigan. https://mottpoll.org/reports-surveys/parents-social-media-likes-and-dislikes-sharenting (14.10.2019’da ulaşıldı).
Digital in 2021 (2011). https://wearesocial.com/global-digital-report-2019 (4 Kasım 2021’de ulaşıldı).
Field A (2009) Discovering Statistics Using SPSS, 3rd ed. London, Sage Publications.
Fox AK, Hoy MG (2019) Smart devices, smart decisions? Implications of parents’ sharenting for children’s online privacy: An investigation of mothers. J Public Policy Mark, 38: 414-432. doi: 10.1177/0743915619858290
Gibson L, Hanson VL (2013) Digital motherhood: How does technology help new mothers?. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems: 313-322. ACM.
Günüç S (2020) Sharenting eyleminin psikolojik açıdan değerlendirilmesi: Türk ve İngiliz annelerinin karşılaştırılması. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiarty, 12 (Supp):281-297.
Haslam DM, Tee A, Baker S (2017) The use of social media as a mechanism of social support in parents. J Child Fam Stud, 26: 2026-2037.
Hofstede G (2001) Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations across Nations. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications Inc.
Holiday S, Norman MS, Densley RL (2020) Sharenting and the extended self: Self-representation in parents’ Instagram presentations of their children. Popular Communication, doi: 10.1080/15405702.2020.1744610
Jang J, Dworkin J (2014) Does social network site use matter for mothers? Implications for bonding and bridging capital. Comput Human Behav, 35: 489-495.
Kopecky K, Szotkowski R, Aznar-Díaz I, Romero-Rodríguez J (2020). The phenomenon of sharenting and its risks in the online environment. Experiences from Czech Republic and Spain. Child Youth Serv Rev, 110 : 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104812
Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, Cummings J, Helgeson V, Crawford A (2002) Internet paradox revisited. J Soc Issues, 58: 49-74.
Kumar P, Schoenebeck S (2015) The modern day baby book: Enacting good mothering and stewarding privacy on Facebook. Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing: 1302-1312. doi: 10.1145/2675133.2675149
Latipah E, Kistoro HCA, Hasanah FF, Putranta H (2020) Elaborating motive and psychological impact of sharenting in millennial parents. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(10): 4807-4817. doi: 10.13189/ujer.2020.081052.
Le Moignan E, Lawson S, Rowland DA, Mahoney J, Briggs P (2017, May) Has Instagram fundamentally altered the “family Snapshot”? In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems: 4935– 4947. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025928
Livingstone S, Byrne J (2018). Parenting in the figital age. The challenges of parental responsibility in comparative perspective. In Digital Parenting. The Challenges for Families in the Digital Age (Eds G Mascheroni, C Ponte, A Jorge): 19-31. Göteborg, Nordicom.
Madden M, Cortesi S, Gasser U, Lenhart A, Duggan M (2012) Parents, teens, and online privacy. Pew Internet and American Life Project. http:// pewinternet.org/Reports/ 2012/Teens -and-Privacy.aspx (8 Temmuz 2018’te ulaşıldı).
Marasli M, Suhendan E, Yilmazturk NH, Cok F (2016) Parents’ shares on social networking sites about their children: Sharenting. Antropol, 24: 399-406.
McDaniel BT, Coyne SM, Holmes EK (2012) New mothers and media use: Associations between blogging, social networking, and maternal well-being. Matern Child Health J, 16: 1509–1517. doi: 10.1007/s10995-011-0918-2
Morris MR (2014) Social networking site use by mothers of young children. Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing: 1272-1282.
O’Neill J (2015) The disturbing Facebook trend of stolen kids photos. https://www.yahoo.com/parenting/mom-my-son-was-digitallykidnapped- what-112545291567.html (19 Aralık 2015’te ulaşıldı).
Ögel-Balaban H, Altan Ş (2020) The use of Facebook by Turkish mothers: Its reasons and outcomes. J Child Fam Stud. doi: 10.1007/s10826-019-01568-5
Pauwels L (2008) A private visual practice going public? Social functions and sociological research opportunities of Web-based family photography. Vis Stud, 23: 34-49.
Ranzini G, Newlands GE, Lutz C (2020) Sharenting, peer influence, and privacy concerns: A study on the Instagram-sharing behaviors of parents in the United Kingdom. Soc Med Soc. doi: 10.1177/2056305120978376
Stanley B (2015) Uses and Gratifications of Temporary Social Media: A Comparison of Snapchat and Facebook. Fullerton: California State University, Fullerton.
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2014). Using Multivariate Statistics. Essex, Pearson Education Limited.
Utz S, Muscanell N, Khalid C (2015) Snapchat elicits more jealousy than Facebook: A comparison of Snapchat and Facebook use. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 18: 141–146.
Valkenburg PM, Schouten AP, Peter J (2005) Adolescents’ identity experiments on the Internet. New Media Soc, 7: 383-402
van Dijck J (2013). ‘You have one identity’: Performing the self on Facebook and LinkedIn. Media Cult Soc, 35: 199-215.
Zywica J, Danowski J (2008) The Faces of Facebookers: Investigating social enhancement and social compensation hypotheses; predicting Facebook and ofﬂine popularity from sociability and self-esteem, and mapping the meanings of popularity with semantic networks. J Comput Mediat Commun, 14: 1-34.