Sivas İlindeki Elektrikli Araç Şarj İstasyonlarının Elektrik Şebekelerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Fosil yakıtların çevreye verdiği zararlar nedeniyle, elektrikli araçlara ilgi sürekli artmaktadır. Elektrikli/klasik araç değişimi ve trafoya ek yük trendinin belirlenmesi, enerji dağıtım şirketlerinin yatırım planları için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada elektrik dağıtım şirketlerinin yatırım planlamasına elektrikli araç ikamelerini dahil etmek için kapsamlı bir yöntem sunulmaktadır. Elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşmasıyla klasik araçların yerini alacak yeni bir model önerilmektedir. Farklı senaryolar için önerilen modeller kullanılarak güç yoğunluğu ve trafo kapasite oranı incelenmiştir. Son on yıllık elektrik tüketimi, hat uzunluğu, trafo kurulu gücü, nüfus ve araç sayısı verileri ÇEDAŞ ve Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'ndan alınmıştır. 30 yıllık planlama üzerinden senaryo karşılaştırmalarına göre, en iyi ihtimalle 2029-2030 yılları arasında şebekedeki J değeri mevcut değeri aşacak, R-değeri ise 2031-2032 yılları arasında mevcut değerin altına düşecektir. 2029-2030 yıllarında elektrik dağıtım hatlarına, 2031-2032 yıllarında ise trafo kapasitelerine yatırım yapılması gerekmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, geliştirilen yöntemin elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşması nedeniyle hat ve trafo kapasitelerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Elektrikli araçlar, enerji dağılımı, güç kapasitesi, güç ağı, zaman serileri analizi, enerji tüketimi

Evaluating the Effect of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations on Power Grids in Sivas Province

Due to the damage of fossil fuels to the environment, fossil fuels will finish soon, the interest in electric vehicles has increased. Determining the trend of electric/classic vehicle replacement and additional load on the transformer is vital importance for the investment plans of energy distribution companies. It presents a comprehensive method for including electric vehicle replacements in the investment planning of electric distribution companies. A new model is proposed, used to replace classical vehicles by becoming widespread of electric vehicles. The power density and transformer capacity ratio were examined using the proposed model for scenarios. Electricity consumption, line length, transformer installed power capacity, population, and the number of vehicles data for the last ten years were obtained from ÇEDAŞ and Turkish Statistical Institute. According to scenario comparisons over the 30-year planning, the J value on the grid will exceed the current value between 2029 and 2030, R-value will fall below the current value between 2031 and 2032 in the best case. It is necessary to invest in electricity distribution lines in 2029-2030 and transformer capacities in 2031-2032. The results showed the developed method could be used to determine the line and transformer capacities due to the prevalence of electric vehicles.

Keywords:

Electric vehicles (EVs), energy distribution, power capacity, power network, time series analysis, energy consumption,

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