Emine Yağız GÜRBÜZ, Ayça ALTINTAŞ, Berk SÜRÜCÜ, Azim TUNCER

Rüzgar Türbinlerinin Yaban Hayatına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, zararlı emisyonlar açığa çıkarmadığı için temiz ve sürdürülebilir niteliktedir. Ancak bu kaynakların kullanımı farklı çevresel etkilere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, rüzgar türbinlerinin çevresel etkileri incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda açık deniz rüzgar türbinlerinin de özellikle kuşlar açısından tehlikeleri araştırılmıştır. Rüzgar türbinlerinin yol açtığı gürültü etkisi, estetik ve elektromanyetik etkiler ile birlikte yaban hayatına olan etkisi incelenerek tartışılmıştır. Yaban hayatına olan etkileri kuşlar, yarasalar ve arılar olmak üzere üç kısımda açıklanmıştır. Yaban hayatın rüzgar türbinlerinden etkilenmelerinin minimum düzeyde sınırlandırması için yanıp sönen ışığın sürekli ışığa göre tercih edilmesi gerektiği ve sürekli ışık gerekiyorsa kırmızı ışığın uygulanması gerektiği bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, kuşlar ve yarasalar gibi ekosistemin önemli parçaları olan canlıların rüzgar türbinleri vasıtasıyla ölümlerini önleyebilmek amacıyla ses ve ışık uyarıcıları modifikasyonlarını içeren bir prototip tasarlanmış, imal edilmiş ve sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Rüzgar Türbini, Çevresel Etki, Gürültü, Yabani Hayat, Kuş Ölümü

Investigation of the Impacts of Wind Turbines on Wildlife

Renewable energy sources are clean and sustainable also they do not emit harmful emissions. However, usage of these resources has different environmental impacts. In this study, the environmental effects of wind turbines are examined. At the same time, the dangers of offshore wind turbines, especially for birds, have been investigated. The effect of noise caused by wind turbines, together with aesthetic and electromagnetic effects on wildlife have been examined and discussed. Their impact on wildlife is described in three parts: birds, bats and bees. It is found that flashing light should be preferred over continuous light in order to minimise the effects of wildlife on wind turbines, and red light should be applied if continuous light is required. In the final part of the study, a prototype containing modifications of sound and light stimulators is designed, manufactured and presented in order to prevent the death of living things that are important parts of the ecosystem, such as birds and bats, by means of wind turbines.

Keywords:

Wind Turbine, Environmental Impacts, Noise, Wildlife, Bird Mortality,

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