ORTODOKS YAHUDİLİKTEKİ MESİH İNANCI VE DİNİ ÖNDERLERİN SİYONİZM’E ETKİLERİ

Ortodoks Yahudiliğin içinden çıkan Hasidim ve Mitnagedim hareketleri tarafından Mesih inancına getirilen farklı yorumların toplum üzerine etkileri, XIX. yüzyılda Mitnagedim disiplininden olan Siyonizm’in öncüsü kabul edilen rabbilerin yeni Mesihçi anlayışları ile Mesih inancının ideolojikleşmesi ve siyasallaşması gibi konular çalışmamızın ana çatısını oluşturmaktadır. Mesihçiler olarak nitelendireceğimiz gelecek kurtarıcı Mesih’i bekleyen Yahudiler, Siyonist hareketin oluşmasıyla, Siyonistleri destekleme konusunda aralarında fikir ayrılığı yaşamışlar ve ikiye ayrılmışlardır. Dini Siyonistler, Ortodoks Yahudiler (Dati) olarak Mizrahi’nin, Ultra Ortodokslar (Haredi) ise anti-Siyonist Mesihçiler olarak Agudat Israel’in çatısı altında kendi politikalarını oluşturmuş ve anlayışları günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Bu gün İsrail de %22’lik kesim kendisini Ortodoks ve Ultra Ortodoks olarak tanımlamaktadır. Ülkedeki seçim sistemi nedeniyle az oy alsalar dahi koalisyon hükümetlerinde yer alarak kendi düşünceleri doğrultusunda mevcut politikalarını uygulama alanı bulabilmektedirler. Dolayısıyla amacımız, Ortodoks Yahudiliğin önemli karakteristik özelliklerinden biri olan  Mesih inancının sosyal ve siyasal etkilerini Siyonizm’in dini öncüleri, Mesihçilerin Siyonist harekete bakışları ve devletin kuruluşu çerçevesinde ortaya koyarak Siyonist hareketin ve İsrail devletinin sadece laik temelli olmadığı, Yahudilerin Filistin’e göç etmesinde Mesihçilerin doğrudan ya da dolaylı desteklerinin bulunduğunu ve hükümet politikalarında önemli rol oynadıklarını göstermeyi hedeflemekteyiz.

Messiah Faith in Orthodox Judaism and The Effects of Religious Pioneers on Zionism

The main frame of our work is made of some main subjects such as effects of the new understanding of Messiah Faith improved by Hasidim and Misnagdim Movements, the religious pioneers of Zionism and the ideologicalization and politicization of Messiah faith. The Jews waiting The Messiah were called Messianists. They started thinking different about The Zionist Movement. They were divided into two. While The Religious Zionists as Orthodox Jews (Dati) were coming together in the roof of Mizrachi. The Ultra Orthodox (Haredi) As called Anti-Zionist Messianists collected in Agudat Israel. They have formed their own policies. Today, 22% of the demography of Israel describe themselves as Orthodox and Ultra Orthodox jewry. Even if they get few votes, they can attend The Coalition Governments, due to the electoral system in the country. Thus they find some opurtunities to apply their existing policies. Our Aim is to demonstrate the Zionist movement and the Israel state not only secular based, in the same time have Messianic effects. Because of this, we will present social and political influences of Messiah faith, the religious pioneers, the views of the Messianists towards the Zionist movement, their direct and indirect effects of the Jews’ immigration to Palestine.    

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