History has evolved in such a way that the problem of the Caspian Sea, with its unique biological and geological characteristics, has become vital on the boundary of the twentieth century. And it is clear that changes in the geopolitical situation and the emergence of the new independent states within the Caspian region have determined a new correlation of interests. This creates the need for some serious corrections to the system of international relations in the Caspian region. This need is sharpened by the discovery and beginning of exploitation of huge reserves of Caspian mineral resources as well as by the realisation of the exceptional importance of preserving its ecosystem