This is by no means a new issue, but it is now arising in much more acute form than before. A clear-sighted approach is therefore needed. Obviously, all human rights activists are in favour of respect for others and also of brotherhood. But it is important to realise that placing the accent on the former leads to a completely different political -and therefore economic, social and cultural- approach from that produced by emphasising brotherhood. That will be apparent throughout this paper, which opts unequivocally for brotherhood and consequently for an integration policy. Rejection of others, whether in the form of racism, xenophobia or mere intolerance, invariably stems from two series of causes: material and psychological. In addition, the globalisation of trade and communications has engendered such interdependence that if remedial measures are to be effective, they can no longer be confined to the national level, but must also be taken on a world scale.