Ham ve geri dönüştürülmüş pamuk ipliğinden üretilmiş bezayağı ve dimi dokuma kumaşların fiziksel özellikleri

Pamuk, giyim ve moda endüstrisinde önde gelen doğal liflerden birisidir. Bu yüksek talebin nedenlerinden biri, pamuğun doğal kaynaklardan elde edilen, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen bir elyaf olmasından ötürü çevre açısından güvenli bir ürün olduğu inancıdır. Bununla birlikte, düşünülenin aksine, pamuk elyafının hem yetiştirme hem de işleme sırasında bazı ekolojik sakıncaları da bulunmaktadır. Sentetik polimerlerden elde edilen polyester gibi liflerin geri dönüşümü uzun bir süreden beri yaygın olarak uygulanmaktadır. Atıklardan elde edilip markalanan bazı sentetik iplikler de mevcuttur. Ancak geri dönüşüm oranları ele alındığında, pamuk liflerinde sentetik liflerde olduğu gibi yüksek bir oran ile karşılaşılmamaktadır. Bu durumun nedenlerinden biri, geri dönüştürülmüş veya geri kazanılmış pamuk ürünlerinin kalitesinin yetersiz olduğu görüşüdür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, geri kazanılmış iplikten üretilen pamuklu dokuma kumaşların çeşitli mekanik özelliklerini, karde pamuk ipliğinden elde edilenlerle karşılaştırmak ve bu sayede geri kazanılmış pamuk liflerinin giyim endüstrisindeki potansiyeline dikkat çekmektir. Bunun yanı sıra, çalışmada pamuk yetiştirme ve işlemenin ekolojik sakıncaları ile tekstil endüstrisinin pamuk geri kazanım sürecinde üstesinden gelmesi gereken mevcut zorluklar da ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ham pamuk, Geri kazanılmış pamuk, Pamuk yetiştiriciliği

Physical properties of plain and twill woven fabrics produced from carded and recycled cotton yarn

Cotton is the leading natural fiber in the apparel and fashion industry. One of the reasons for this high demand is the belief that cotton is an environmentally safe product since cotton is a biodegradable fiber obtained from natural sources. However, contrary to what is conceived, cotton fiber has some ecological drawbacks, both in the cultivation and during processing. Recycling of fibers, such as polyester, obtained from synthetic polymers is widely applied for a long time. Even some synthetic yarns obtained from wastes have been branded. However, in terms of cotton, the recycling ratio does not seem to be as good as synthetic ones. One of the reasons for this situation is the opinion of insufficient quality of recycled or reclaimed cotton products. The purpose of this study was to compare some main mechanical properties of recycled cotton clothing fabrics with the ones obtained from carded cotton and by this way showing the potential of recycled cotton fibers in the clothing industry. Besides that, we summarized the ecological drawbacks of cotton cultivation and processing and reviewed current challenges that the textile industry has to overcome in cotton recycling.

Keywords:

Carded cotton, Recycled cotton, Cotton cultivation,

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