Enerji iletim sistemlerinde hat deplasesinin elektrik alan dağılımı ve güvenli yaklaşma mesafeleri bakımından incelenmesi

Enerji iletim hatlarında incelenmesi gereken önemli konulardan biri de hatların meydana getirdiği elektrik alanın, çevresindeki yaşam alanları üzerindeki etkileridir. Yüksek gerilim nedeniyle oluşan elektrik alanın insan sağlığını etkilemesi ve olası atlama risklerinin engellenmesi için iletim hatları ile yaşam alanları arasında yeterli açıklıkların bırakılması gerekmektedir. Günümüzde, hızla artan nüfus ve genişleyen yerleşim alanları nedeniyle, havai iletim hatlarının yaşam alanları üzerinden geçtiği veya bu bölgelere yaklaştığı durumlarla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, özellikle yaşam alanları içerisinde bulunan iletim hatlarının neden olduğu elektrik alan değerlerinin hesaplanması, ölçülmesi ve insan sağlığı bakımından kritik yaklaşma mesafelerinin belirlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, çift devre 154 kV ve tek devre 400 kV’luk iki iletim hattından oluşan enerji iletim sisteminin ayrı güzergâhlarda olması ve deplase edilerek tek devre üzerinde toplanması durumları dikkate alınarak elektrik alan analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Modelleme çalışması, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanan Comsol Multiphysics yazılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar yardımıyla, uluslararası kriterlere uygun olarak güvenli yaklaşma mesafeleri belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Elektrik alan analizi, Enerji iletim hatları, Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi

Investigation of line displacement in terms of electrical field distribution and safe right of way distance in energy transmission systems

One of the important topics to be examined in the energy transmission lines is the effects of the electric field generated by the lines on the public areas around it. It is essential to leave enough spaces between the transmission lines and the living areas in order to prevent the risks of potential discharges and the electric field caused by high voltage. Today, due to the rapidly growing population and expanding residential areas, the situations where overhead transmission lines pass through or get close to living spaces can be encountered. Therefore, it is very important to calculate and measure the electrical field values caused by the transmission lines in the living areas and to determine the critical safe right of way distances in terms of human health. In this study, electric field analysis are performed by taking into account two lines, double circuit 154 kV and single circuit 400 kV, for separate routes and displaced on single tower. Modeling study is performed by Comsol Multiphysics software based on finite element method. By the help of the results obtained, safe right of way distances are determined in accordance with international criteria.

Keywords:

Electric field analysis, Energy transmission lines, Finite element method,

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