Deniz suyundan saf su eldesine yönelik zeolit 4A katkılı polieter blok amid membran hazırlanması ve desalinasyon uygulaması

Bu çalışmada, gözeneksiz zeolit 4A katkılı polieter blok amid membranı hazırlanarak, pervaporasyon tekniği ile tuzlu su ve deniz suyundaki tüm çözünmüş iyonların ve kimyasaların yüksek oranda sudan ayrılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, farklı oranlarda zeolit eklenen membranların, önce laboratuvar ortamında hazırlanan tuzlu sular ile, ardından da gerçek deniz suyu ile farklı sıcaklıklarda (30-60 °C) desalinasyonu yapılarak sistem performansı akı ve tuz tutma oranının fonksiyonu olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca saflaştırılan suların kimyasal madde içerikleri İndüktif Eş Plazma Kütle Spektrometresi (Perkin Elmer Elan DRC-e ICP-MS) ile analiz edilmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda, NaCl-su çözeltisi ile yapılan saflaştırma işleminde en yüksek akı (3.43 kg/m2. sa.) ve tuz tutma oranı (%99.78) %30 zeolit yüklemeli membran ile elde edilirken, deniz suyu desalinasyonunda %10 zeolit 4A katkılı membran ile diğerlerine oranla daha yüksek akı (4.61 kg/m2. sa.) ve tuz tutma oranı (%99.85)40 °C sıcaklıkta elde edilmiştir. ICP sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde, %10 zeolit katkılı membranın çözünmüş tuzların yanısıra, arsenik, kadmiyum ve civa gibi ağır metallerin sudan ayrılmasında oldukça başarılı olduğu ve tüm element konsantrasyonları değerlendirildiğinde üretilen membran ile saflaştırılan suyun hem sulama suyu hem de içme suyu limit değerlerinden çok daha düşük değerlerde kimyasal içerdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Zeolite 4A, Gözeneksiz membran, pervaporatif desalinasyon, Karma matris membran

Preparation of a zeolite 4A loaded polyether block amide membrane and usage for seawater desalination

In this study, it was aimed to remove all hydrated ions and chemicals from the seawater by using pervaporation technique. For this purpose, polyether block amide membrane was prepared. The model saline water and the real seawater desalination experiments were performed with temperature ranging from 30 °C to 60 °C using different amount of zeolite loaded membranes. The performance of the experiments was evaluated as function of water flux and salt rejection. The ion concentration of the desalinated water was analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer Elan DRC-e ICP-MS). In conclusion, the highest salt rejection of 99.78% and a flux of 3.43 kg/m2.h were obtained using 30 wt. % of zeolite 4A loaded membrane when the model NaCl-water solution was desalinated at 40 °C. In the case of the real seawater experiments, 10 wt. % zeolite 4A incorporated membrane gave the highest rejection of 99.85% with a flux of 4.61 kg/m2.h at 40 °C. When the ICP analysis was evaluated, it was seen that the 10 wt. % zeolite incorporated membrane was very effective to separate hydrated ions, heavy metals from the seawater. When the all results were considered, contaminant concentration in desalinated water was found to be low to meet with drinking and irrigation water standards.

Keywords:

Zeolite 4A, Non-porous membrane, Pervaporative desalination, Mixed matrix membrane,

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