Akdeniz Bölgesinde kuraklık analizi

Kuraklık gizlice gelişen bir doğal afettir. Bu çalışmada Standartlaştırılmış Yağış Evapotranspirasyon İndeksi (SPEI) Türkiye’nin Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde ilk kez uygulanmıştır. 8 meteoroloji gözlem istasyonun sıcaklık ve yağış verileri kullanılmıştır. Verilere göre 8 istasyon (Adana, Antalya, Burdur, Hatay/Antakya, Isparta, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin ve Osmaniye) 1970-2018 yılları arasında gözlem yapılmıştır. Her bir istasyon için 1, 3, 6, 9 ve 12 aylık SPEI değerlerinin frekans analizleri hesaplanmıştır. Aylık (1, 3, 6, 9 ve 12 aylık) frekans değerleri arasında kulak ve sulak dönemlerin dağılımlarının karşılaştırılmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bulunan SPEI değerlerinin kuraklık sınıflarında ne kadar mevcut olduğu ve bu mevcudiyet üzerinden karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Akdeniz Bölgesindeki tüm istasyonlarda elde edilen veriler hafif kuraklık ile normale yakınlık arasındadır. Hem normale yakın hem de kurak durumlarda Mersin maximum değerler almıştır. Minimum değerlere bakıldığında ise diğer istasyonlara kıyasla Adana hem sulak hem de kurak durumlarda en az yüzdelik değerlerine sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kuraklık, Sıcaklık, Yağış, Standartlaştırılmış yağış evapotranspirasyon indeksi (SPEI)

Drought analysis in Mediterranean Region

Drought is a natural disaster developing secretly. In this study, Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) has been applied for in Turkey's Mediterranean Region. Temperature and precipitation data were used for 8 meteorological observation stations. According to the data, 8 stations (Adana, Antalya, Burdur, Hatay/Antakya, Isparta, Kahramanmaras, Mersin and Osmaniye) were observed between 1970-2018. Frequency analyzes of SPEI values of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were calculated for each station. Monthly (1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) frequency values between the distribution of ear and wetlands is intended to make a comparison. Comparisons were made on how long the SPEI values were found in drought classes and on this availability. As a result, the data obtained from all stations in the Mediterranean region are between mild dry and near to normal. Mersin has the maximum value both in near to normal and dry conditions. When the minimum values are considered, Adana has the least percentage values in both wetness and dryness conditions compared to other stations.

Keywords:

Drought, Temperature, Precipitation, Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI),

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