Algının Ötesi: Yetersizlikten Etkilenme Derecesini Algılama (YEDA) Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formunun Geliştirilmesi

Araştırmalar yetersizlikten etkilenme derecesine ilişkin algının, bireylerin diğer psikolojik değişkenleriyle ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Yetersizlikten etkilenme derecesi arttıkça bireylerin iyi oluş hali etkilenmektedir. Alanyazında ise algılanan yetersizlikten etkilenme derecesi için ölçme aracı gereksinimi belirtilmektedir. Görüşmeler (8), pilot uygulama (57), ana uygulama (688) ve DFA uygulaması (300) olmak üzere toplamda 1053 katılımcı ile yapılan bu ölçek geliştirme çalışmasında madde havuzu oluşturulmuş, uzman görüşü alınmış ve ardından pilot çalışma yapılmıştır. Bağımsız gruplardan toplanan veriler ile geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda 34 maddelik beş faktörlü YEDA Ölçeği ortaya çıkmıştır. Birinci düzey Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile yapı doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin açıklanan varyansı %62,27, iç tutarlığı ,95 ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ile ölçüt korelasyonu ,50’dir. Ayrıca iki yarı güvenirliği ve test tekrar test güvenirliği ,81’dir. Hafif, orta ve ağır yetersizlik düzeyleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Alt faktörler arası Ortama Açıklanan Varyans (AOV) ,44 ile ,57 arasında değişmektedir. Bu bulgular ışığından YEDA Ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik şartlarının sağladığı, ebeveynlerin gözünden YEDA ile yetersizlikten etkilenme düzeyinin izlenebileceği ve alanyazında vurgulanan yetersizlikten etkilenme düzeyine ilişkin ebeveyn algıları ile örtüştüğü söylenebilir. YEDA Ölçeği alanda çalışan uzmanların kullanabileceği ve ebeveynlerin psikolojik değişkenleri ile ilişkisine bakılabilecek bir ölçme aracıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

algı, yetersizliği olan çocuklar, yetersizlikten etkilenme derecesi, ebeveynler, ölçek geliştirme

Beyond Perception: Developing Parental Perception of Severity of Disability Scale

Research reveals that the perception of the severity of disability (SoD) is associated with other psychological variables of individuals. It is indicated that as the SoD increases, the psychological well-being of individuals is affected, and therefore, certain tools are required to measure the SoD. This research is a scale development study in which 1053 parents participated in interviews (8), pilot implementations (57), main implementation (688), and CFA implementation. During this research, an item pool was created, expert opinions were obtained, and a pilot study was conducted. Validity and reliability data were reported through principal component analysis (PCA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis. A five-factor structure containing 34 items emerged as the result of a PCA, and a follow-up CFA confirmed this structure. The total of the Parental Perception of Severity of Disability Scale (PPSDS) variant was calculated as 62.27% and alpha .95, and a significant correlation was found at the level of .50 between the PPSDS and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Also, the result for the test-retest reliability was .81 and split-half reliability .81. The PPSDS identifies the mild, moderate, and severe groups in two categories based on the SoD. Subfactors vary between .44 and .57 of the average variance extracted (AVE). The PPSDS can be suggested as a valid and reliable tool. Parents’ perception of disability was verified in line with the relevant literature. Children’s SoD can be viewed from parents’ perspective through the PPSDS in addition to their current state. Therefore, professionals in the field can use the PPSDS, and its relationship with psychological variables can be examined.

Keywords:

Perception, children with developmental disabilities, severity of disability, parents, scale development,

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