KOLOREKTAL KANSERLERİN EVRELEMESİNDE F-18 FDG PET/BT’NİN YERİ

ÖZET: Kolorektal kanserli hastalarda flor-18 (18F)  florodeoksiglukoz (FDG) Pozitron Emisyon  Tomografisi /Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (PET/BT)   tanı ve evrelemedeki rolünün belirlenmesi Kolonoskopik biopsi ile kanıtlanmış kolorektal kanser tanısı olan 44 hastada cerrahi sonrası histopatolojik bulgular, biopsi (hepatik metastazlarda) ve yaygın uzak metastaz nedeniyle cerrahi yapılmayan hastalarda klinik ve radyolojik takip bulguları altın standart kabul edilerek kontrastlı rutin abdominopelvik bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ve 18F-FDG PET/BT bulguları karşılaştırıldı. Primer tümöral lezyonların tümünde (%100) 18F-FDG PET/BT ile artmış metabolik aktivite izlendi. Lenf nodu metastazını saptamada 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin duyarlılığı BT’ye göre daha düşük (%35’e karşılık %60) oranda ancak özgüllüğü ve pozitif prediktif değeri (PPD) BT’ye göre oldukça yüksek (%100’e karşılık %70.8 ve %100’e karşılık %63.2) olarak saptandı. Yedi hepatik metastazlı hastanın hepsinde 18F-FDG PET/BT ile lezyonlar hipermetabolik olarak görülmüş olup 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin karaciğer metastazlarını saptamadaki duyarlılığı ve özgüllüğü %100 olarak saptandı. 7 hastanın ikisinde iğne biyopsisi ile karsinom metastazı gösterilirken bir hastada operasyon sonrası yapılan metastazektomi ile tümör metastazı bildirildi. Diğer 4 hastada ise karaciğerdeki lezyonlar beraberinde başka uzak metastaz bulguları olması nedeniyle metastaz kabul edildi. BT’nin ise duyarlılığı %71, özgüllüğü %74, doğruluğu %63.6, NPD’i %92, PPD’i %38 olarak saptandı. 18F-FDG PET/BT ile 44 hastanın 17’inde (%38.6) ekstrahepatik uzak metastaz (akciğer, kemik, sürrenal bezler ve supraklavikuler lenf nodu) saptandı. Kolorektal kanserli hastaların ilk evrelemesinde 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin tanısal BT’ye üstünlük göstermediği ve sınırlı bir tanısal değere sahip olduğu görüldü. Çalışma sonuçlarımız bize 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin major rolünün hepatik ve ekstrahepatik metastazların saptanması olduğunu ve tanı anında potansiyel ekstrahepatik uzak metastazı olan ileri evre hastalarda 18F-FDG PET/BT’nin en üstün görüntüleme yöntemi olduğunu düşündürmektedir.ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Kolorektal kanser, 18 F-FDG PET/CT, CT, Evreleme.THE ROLE OF F-18 FDG PET/CT IN STAGING OF COLORECTAL CANCERSABSTRACT: Setting the role of fluorine-18 (F-18) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in detection of the primary tumour and staging in colorectal cancer. Preoperative Abdominopelvic CT and PET/CT findings of 44 patients that have colorectal cancer histopathologically diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy, were compared by accepting postoperative histopathologic findings, biopsy (hepatic metastases) and clinical and radiological follow-up of lesion progression in patients that were not operated as gold standarts. All lesions were detected with F-18 FDG PET/CT (%100) as all had incresed metabolic activity in F-18 FDG PET/CT images.regarding detection of lymph node metastases, sensitivity of PET/BT was lower(%35 vs %60) but specificity (%100 vs %70.8) and PPD (%100 vs%63.2) were substantially higher than CT sensitivity. In all of the seven patients with hepatic metastases, lesions were hipermetabolic on F-18 FDG PET/CT images. Specificity and sensitivity of F-18 FDG PET/CT in detecting hepatic metastases was %100. In two patients  hepatic metastase was confirrmed  by fine needle aspiration biopsy and by  intraoperative metastasectomy in one. In rest four patientts the hepatic FDG uptakes  were approved as  hepatic metastases since there were other metastatic foci.Sensitivity of BT in detecting hepatic metastases was measured as %71, spesifity is %74, accuracy is %63.6, NPD is %92, PPD is %38. 17 of 44 patients (%38.6) had extrahepatic distant metastases (lung, bone, surrenal glands and supraclaviculer lymphnode).It was seen that F-18 FDG PET/CT had limited diagnostic value at initial staging.of colorectal cancers. Our results suggested that the major role of F-18 FDG PET/CT is detection of hepatic and extrahepatic metastases and for advenced stage patients that have potential to have extrahepatic metastases,  F-18 FDG PET/CT  is the best imaging modality.KEYWORDS: Colorectal cancer, 18 F-FDG PET/CT, CT, Staging  

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