___

• Al Shami, Abdur Rahman, “Syrians must contemplate foreign help - if not the west’s”, The Guardian, 31 July 2011, http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/ aug/31/bashar-assad-must-be-stopped
• Arms Control Assocation, “Timeline of Syrian Chemical Weapons Activity”, March 2019, https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/Timeline-of-Syrian-Chemical-We apons-Activity
• Bakri, Nada, “Crowds in Syria Attack U.S. and French Embassies”, The New York Times, 11 July 2011, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/world/middlee- ast/12syria.html
• Ball, James, “Obama issues Syria a ‘red line’ warning on chemical weapons”, The Washington Post, 22 August 2012, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/ national-security/obama-issues-syria-red-line-warning-on-chemical-wea- pons/2012/08/20/ba5d26ec-eaf7-11e1-b811-09036bcb182b_story.html?utm_ter- m=.56455a8f4d63
• BBC Turkish “Obamanın Kahire konuşması”, 5 June 2009, http://www.bbc.co.uk/tur- kish/news/story/2009/06/090604_obama_speech.shtml
• BBC Turkish, “Suriye ABD ve Fransa elçilerini uyardı”, 20 July 2011, https://www. bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2011/07/110720_syrianfm_usfrance.shtml?utm_sour- ce=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter
• BBC, “Battle for Kobane: Key events”, 25 June 2015, https://www.bbc.com/news/wor- ld-middle-east-29688108
• BBC, “Q&A: Syria chemical weapons disarmament deal”, 30 January 2014, https:// www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-23876085
• BBC, “Syria unrest: ‘Bloodiest day’ as troops fire on rallies”, April,22, 2011, https:// www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-13167433
• Berlinger, Joshua, “Syria’s chemical weapons destroyed, monitoring group says”, CNN, 5 June 2014, https://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/05/middleeast/syria-chemi- cal-weapons/index.html
• Bostan, Yahya, “İran seçimleri Obama’nın hesaplarını bozdu”, Anlayış, July 2009, No 74.
• CNN Türk, “Suriye’nin dostları” Tunus’ta toplandı”, CNN Türk, 24.02.2102, htt- ps://www.cnnturk.com/2012/dunya/02/24/suriyenin.dostlari.tunusta.toplan- di/650540.0/index.html
• Dünya, “Suriye’nin Dostları” İstanbul’da toplandı”, Dünya, 01.01.2012, https://www. dunya.com/dunya/quotsuriye039nin-dostlariquot-istanbul039da-toplandi-ha- beri-169851
• Fareed Zakaria, “Wanted: A New Grand Strategy,” Newsweek, 8 December 2008, htt- ps://www.newsweek.com/fareed-zakaria-wanted-new-global-strategy-85311
• Ferguson, Niall, “Obama’s Egypt and Foreign-Policy Failures”, Newsweek, 14 February 2011 https://www.newsweek.com/obamas-egypt-and-foreign-poli- cy-failures-68731
• Gerges, Fawaz, “The Obama approach to the Middle East: the end of America’s mo- ment? “, International Affairs, 89: 2 (2013), 299–323.
• Goldberg, Jeffrey, “The Obama Doctrine”, The Atlantic, April 2016, https://www.the- atlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/04/the-obama-doctrine/471525/
• Goldberg, Jeffrey, “The Obama Doctrine”, The Atlantic, April 2016, https://www.the- atlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/04/the-obama-doctrine/471525/
• Gray, Colin S., The Strategy Bridge: Theory for Practise, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
• Heydeman, Steven, “Why United States has not intervened in Syria”, The Washington Post, 14 March 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/ wp/2016/03/14/why-the-united-states-hasnt-intervened-in-syria/?utm_term=. 822fa2afb8d0
• https://theglobalcoalition.org/en/home/
• Hürriyet, “Suriye’de kimyasal saldırı iddiası: 1300 ölü”, Hürriyet, 21 August 2013, http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/suriyede-kimyasal-saldiri-iddiasi-1300-o- lu-24560670
• Kanat, Kılıç Buğra, A Tale of Four Augusts: Obama’s Syria Policy, İstanbul: SETA Kitapları, 2015.
• Kriner, Douglas L., “Obama’s Authorization Paradox: Syria and Congress’s Continued Relevance in Military Affairs”, Presidential Studies Quarterly, 2014, 44, no. 2 (June), 309-327.
• Landis, Joshua, “The Syrian Uprising of 2011: Why the Asad Regime is Likely To Survive to 2013”, Middle East Policy Council, Spring 2012, Volume XIX, Number 1, pp. 72-77.
• Landler, Mark, “Secret Report Ordered by Obama Identified Potential Uprisings”, The New York Times, 11 Şubat 2011, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/17/world/ middleeast/17diplomacy.html
• Liptak, Kevin, “Obama: Russia heading for ‘quagmire’ in Syria”, CNN, 2 October 2015, sia-assad/index.html
• Lust-Okar,Ellen, “Reform in Syria: Steering Between the Chinese Model and Regime Change”, Marina Ottaway, Julia Choucair-Vizoso, Beyond the Facade: Political Reform in the Arab World, Washington, Carnegie Endowment, 2008.
• MacAskill, Ewen, “US appoints first ambassador to Damascus since 2005”, The Guardian, 17 February 2010, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/17/ us-ambassador-syria-robert-ford
• Mearsheimer, John J., “Imperial by Design,” The National Interest 111, January-February 2011 pp. 16-34. https://nationalinterest.org/article/imperial-by-design-4576
• Murray, Donette, “Military action but not as we know it: Libya, Syria and the making of an Obama Doctrine”, Contemporary Politics, 19:2, 146-166.
• Office of the Spokesperson of US Department of State, “Framework for Elimination of Syrian Chemical Weapons”, US Department of State, 14 September 2013, htt- ps://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2013/09/214247.htm
• Özdemir, Çağatay, Amerikan Grand Stratejisi: Obama’nın Ortadoğu Mirası, İstanbul: SETA Kitapları, 2018.
• Posen, Barry R. Ross. Andrew L. “Competing Visions for US Grand Strategy,” International Security, 21, no. 3 (Winter 1996/1997): 5-53.
• President Obama, “President Obama’s Middle East speech” CBSNEWS, https:// www.cbsnews.com/news/president-obamas-middle-east-speech-full-text/ Mayıs 2011. 19
• Reals, Tucker, “Syria chemical weapons attack blamed on Assad, but where’s the evidence?”, CBS News, 30 August 2013, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/syria-c- hemical-weapons-attack-blamed-on-assad-but-wheres-the-evidence/
• Regan, Tom, “Is U.S. Planning an Iraq-style ‘Regime Change’ in Syria?”, Christian Science Monitor, 9 November 2005.
• Reuters, “U.N. confirms sarin used in Syria attack; U.S., UK, France blame Assad”, 16 September 2013, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-un-idUSBRE- 98F0ED20130916
• Roberts, Don and Borger, Julian, “Syria crisis: Obama welcomes Russia’s chemical weapons proposal”, The Guardian, 10 September 2013, https://www.theguardian. com/world/2013/sep/09/us-russian-proposal-syria-chemical-weapons
• Spencer, Richard, “Syria: Bashar al-Assad not ‘indispensable’, says Hillary Clinton”, The Telegraph, 12 July 2011, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/ middleeast/syria/8631445/Syria-Bashar-al-Assad-not-indispensable-says- Hillary-Clinton.html
• Swaine, John, “Leon Panetta supports Hillary Clinton plan to arm Syrian rebels”, The Telegraph, 7 February 2013, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/ middleeast/syria/9856382/Leon-Panetta-supports-Hillary-Clinton-plan-to-arm- Syrian-rebels.html
• The Conversation, “Obama’s legacy will be forever tarnished by his inaction in Syria”, The Conversation, 25 November 2016, http://theconversation.com/obamas-lega- cy-will-be-forever-tarnished-by-his-inaction-in-syria-67030
• The New York Times, “Syria Stops Cooperating With U.S. Forces and C.I.A.”, 24 May 2005, with-us-forces-and-cia.html
• The White House Office of the Press Secretary, “National Security Strategy”, February 2015, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/2015_natio- nal_security_strategy_2.pdf
• The White House Office of the Press Secretary, “Remarks by the President at the Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Symposium”, 3 December 2012, ht- tps://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/12/03/remarks-presi- dent-nunn-lugar-cooperative-threat-reduction-symposium
• The White House Office of the Press Secretary, “Statement by President Obama on the Situation in Syria”, 18 August 2011, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/ the-press-office/2011/08/18/statement-president-obama-situation-syria
• The White House Office of the Press Secretary, “Statement by the Press Secretary on Syrian Human Rights Abuses”, 29 Aprol 2011, https://obamawhitehouse.archi- ves.gov/the-press-office/2011/04/29/statement-press-secretary-syrian-human-ri- ghts-abuses
• The White House Office of the Press Secretary, “Statement by the President on ISIL”, 10 September 2014, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-offi- ce/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1
• The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, “Statement from the President on the Violence in Syria”, April, 8, 2011. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/ the-press-office/2011/04/08/statement-president-violence-syria
• UN News, “‘Clear and convincing’ evidence of chemical weapons use in Syria, UN team reports”, US News, 16 September 2013, https://news.un.org/en/stor- y/2013/09/449052-clear-and-convincing-evidence-chemical-weapons-use-sy- ria-un-team-reports
• Wieland, Carsten, Syria: Ballots or Bullets? Democracy, Islamism, and Secularism in the Levant, (Seattle: Cune Press, 2006).
• Willson, Scott, “Assad must go, Obama says”, Washington Post, August 18, 2011, htt- ps://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/assad-must-go-obama-says/2011/08/18/ gIQAelheOJ_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.8dc8a057593c
• Wolfgang, Ben, “Obama says ‘red line’ on Syria belongs to the World”, The Washington Times, 4 September 2013, https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/sep/4/ obama-says-red-line-on-syria-belongs-to-the-world/
• Yalçın, Hasan B., “Obama Stratejisi Ve Ortadoğu”, Akademik ORTA DOĞU, Volume 9, No 2, 2015, 55-74.
• Yalçın, Hasan Basri, Ulusal Güvenlik Stratejisi, İstanbul: SETA Kitapları, 2017.