Moğol İmparatorluğu’nda Tekstil Üretim Merkezleri

Moğol İmparatorluğunda bilhassa aristokrat sınıfının ipeğe verdiği önem dolayısıyla, Moğollar gerek sosyal gerek askeri gerekse iktisadî hayatlarının her biriminde bu metadan yapılmış olan ürünlerin kullanımına öncelik vermişlerdir. Bu durum zamanla zanaatkârları korumanın önemini ortaya koymuş, Moğollar savaşlar sırası ve sonrasında esirlerini genellikle zanaatkârlardan seçmek suretiyle onları özel koruma altına almışlardır. Moğolların ipekli kumaşlardan yapılan elbiselere göstermiş oldukları yoğun ilgi, saray imalathanelerinin açılmasına öncülük etmiş böylece fabrikasyon tarzı bir üretim sistemi Moğol İmparatorluğunda kendine yer edinmiştir. Bu bağlamda makale, Moğolların ipeğe ve ipekli kumaşlardan yapılan kıyafetlere verdikleri önem dolayısıyla zorunlu bir ihtiyaç olarak ortaya çıkan tekstil üretim merkezlerini, Moğolların zorunlu göçle oluşturdukları tekstil kolonilerini ve saray imalathanelerini konu edinmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Moğol, Kumaş, İmalathane, Üretim, Zanaatkâr, Mongol, Cloth, Workshop, Manufacturing, Artisan

Textile Manufacturing Centres in Mongol Empire

Due to the importance given to silk by the aristocratic class of the Mongol Empire, the Mongols gave priority to the use of products manufactured from this commodity in every unit of their social, military and economic life. This situation also created the importance of protecting the artisans, so the Mongols put their artisan captives under special protection during and after the battles or sieges. The intense interest of the Mongols in the clothes made of silk fabrics also led to the constituting of palace workshops, so a fabrication-style production system took its place in the Mongol Empire. In this context, the article deals with the textile manufacturing centres, which emerged as a necessity due to the importance the Mongols attach to silk and clothes made from silk fabrics, the textile colonies created by the Mongols through forced migration and the palace workshops.

Keywords:

Mongol, Cloth, Workshop, Manufacturing, Artisan,

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