Meryem ONDARAL, Mustafa USTA, Sedat ONDARAL

MDF üretiminde dimetiloldihidroksietilenüre (DMDHEU) kimyasalı kullanımının levha özelliklerine etkisi

Odun esaslı levhaların hidrofilik malzeme olmalarından dolayı üretimleri sırasında hidrofob özellik kazandıran kimyasal maddeler ile muamele edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, orta yoğunluklu lif levha üretiminde çapraz bağlayıcı su itici reçine kimyasalı olan Dimetiloldihidroksietilenüre (DMDHEU) kimyasalı kullanılarak, levha yoğunluğunun ve levha üretim sırasında kimyasalın life farklı ilave edilme şeklinin, levhanın mekanik ve fiziksel özellikleri üzerine etkilerininin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Levha üretiminde Melamin Üre Formaldehit tutkalı (1,16 mol, %5 melamin katkılı), sertleştirici olarak amonyum klorür ve %2,2 oranında DMDHEU kimyasalı kullanılmıştır. DMDHEU kimyasalı lifin tutkallama işleminde life tutkallama öncesi (TÖ), tutkallama sonrası (TS) ve tutkal ile birlikte (TB) olmak üzere üç farklı şekilde ilave edilmiştir. DMDHEU kimyasalının ilavesi ile üretilen levhaların su alma ve şişme değerleri kontrol levhasına göre daha düşük olarak bulunmuştur. Üretilen levhaların yoğunluk değerlerinin artması ile su alma ve kalınlığına şişme değerlerinin azalma eğiliminde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Levhaların mekanik özelliklerinde levha yoğunluğunun artması ile iyileşmeler elde edilmekle birlikte kimyasalın TS ilavesinde ise özellikle eğilme (43,78 N/mm2) ve çekme direnci (1,78 N/mm2) değerlerinde en iyi sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

MDF (Orta yoğunluklu liflevha), su itici, DMDHEU, mekaniksel özellikler, su alma ve şişme özellikleri

The effect of the use of dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) chemical in MDF production on the properties of the board

Since wood-based boards are hydrophilic materials, they should be treated with chemical substances that give hydrophobic properties during production. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of board density and different ways of adding the chemical on the mechanical and physical properties of the board during board production by using dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU), which is a cross-linking water-repellent resin chemical. Melamine urea formaldehyde resin (1.16 mol, 5% melamine added), ammonium chloride as a hardener, and 2.2% DMDHEU chemical were used in the production of the board. The DMDHEU chemical was added to the fiber in three different ways during the gluing process: before resin (BR), after resin (AR) and together with resin (TR). It was determined that the water absorption and thickness swelling values of the boards produced with the addition of the DMDHEU chemical were lower than the control board. It has been determined that the water absorption and thickness swelling values tend to decrease with the increase in the density values of the produced boards. Although improvements were obtained in the mechanical properties of the boards with the increase of the board density, the best results have been obtained in the addition of the chemical to TS, especially in the bending (43.78 N/mm2) and tensile strength values (1.78 N/mm2).

Keywords:

MDF (Medium density fiberboard), water-repellent, DMDHEU, mechanical properties, water absorption- welling properties -,

PDF

___

Akbulut, T., Ayrılmış, N.,2001. MDF Üretiminde Dikkate Alınması Gereken Hususlar. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri B, 52, 2.
Baishya, P., Maji, T. K., 2014. Studies on Eﬀects of Diﬀerent Cross-Linkers on the Properties of Starch-Based Wood Composites. American Chemical Society, 2, 1760-1768. https://doi.org/10.1021/sc5002325
Carll, C., Widenhoeft, A.C., 2009. Moisture- Related Properties of Wood and The Effects of Moisture on Wood and Wood Products. IN: Moisture control in buildings: the key factor in mold preventions / Heinz R. Trechsel and Mark T. Bomberg, editors. 2nd ed. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 4, 54-79.
Dieste, A., Krause, A., Bollmus, S., Militz, H., 2009. Gluing ability of plywood produced with DMDHEU-modified veneers of Fagus sp., Betula sp., and Picea sp. Int J Adhes Adhes 29:206–209. doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2008.05.001
EN 310, 1999. Particleboards and Fiberboards, Determination of Modulus Elasticity in bending and Bending Strength CEN, Brussels.
EN 317, 1999. Particleboards and Fiberboards, Determination of Swelling in Thickness after Immersion in Water. CEN, Brussels.
EN 319, 1999. Particleboards and Fibreboards. Determination of Tensile Strength Perpendicular to the Plane of the Board.
EN 323, 1999. Wood Based Panels, Determination of Density. Brussel
Homan, W. J. ve Jorissen, A. J. M., 2004. Wood Modification Devolopments. Heron, 49(4), 361-385
Hong, M.-K., Lubis, M. A. R., Park, B.-D., 2017. Effect of Panel Density and Resin Content on Properties of Medium Density Fiberboard. Journal Korean Wood Science Technology 2017, 45(4): 444~455, pISSN: 1017-0715 eISSN: 2233-7180 https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2017.45.4.444
Hsiung, -H. H., Huang, H. Y., Wang, Y. H., Wang, C., Chen, J. C., Cheng, C. C., 2004. Physical Properties and Reaction Kinetics of Cotton Cellulose Crosslinked with Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea–Maleic Acid. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 92, 3886 –3893. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20417
Ibrahim N. A. , Allam, E. A., El-Hossamy, M. B., El-Zairy, W. M., 2008. Options for Enhancing Performance Properties of Easy-Care Finished Cellulose/Wool Blended Fabrics. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 47:3, 281-292. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602550701869943
Kaya, A. İ., 2013. Selüloz ve su arasındaki etkileşim. Seminer II Orman Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Isparta.
Kong, M. T., Lim, T. W., Król, P., Auriga, R., Mamiński, M. ł., 2016. 1,3-Dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea as a Potential Alternative Binder for Plywood. The Journal of Adhesion, 92:908-915.DOI:10.1080/00218464.2015.1057338, https://doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2015.1057338
Krause, A., Jones, D., Zee van der M, Militz, H., 2003. Interlace treatment—wood modification with N-methylol compounds. In: Proceedings of 1st european conference on wood modification. Ghent, Belgium pp 317–327.
Mamin´ski, M. Ł., Witek, S., Szymona, K., Parzuchowski, P., 2013. Novel adhesive system based on 1,3-dimethylol-4,5- dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and hyperbranched polyglycerols. European Journal of Wood and Wood Product 71:267–275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0680-9
Mamin´ski, M., Kozakiewicz, P., Jaskolowski, W., Chin, K. L., H’ing, P. S., ve Toczylowska- Mamin´ska, R., 2016. Enchancement of technical value of oil palm (Elaeis guieneenses Jacq.) waste trunk through modification with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU). Eur. J. Wood Prod.74:837-844, DOI 10.1007/s00107-016-1086-2,
Maminski, M. L., Trzepalka, A., Auriga R., H’Ng P. S., Chin K. L., 2018. Physical and mechanical properties of thin high density fiberboard bonded with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU). The Journal of Adhesion, 1545-5823. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2018.1500280
Militz, H., 1993. Treatment of timber with water soluble dimethylol resins to improve their dimensional stability and durability. Wood Science Technology, 27:347–355.
Nazerian, M., Dalirzadeh, A., Farrokhpayam, S. R., 2015. Use of almond shell powder in modifi cation of the physical and mechanical properties of medium density fi berboard. BioResources, 10 (1): 169-181
Özen, R., 1975. Lif Levhanın Fiziksel Ve Mekanik Özellikleri ve Bunlara Tesir Eden Faktörler. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, , XXV, II.
Padzil, F. N. M., Ariffin, H., Zakaria, S., Boruszewski, P., Krajewski, K. J., Mamin´ski, M. L., 2018. Effect of Poplar cultivar “Hybrid 275” fiber impregnation with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5dihydroxyethyleneurea on the properties of high density fiberboards. Bioresources, 13(4), 7470-7480. DOI 10.15376/biores.13.4.7470-7480
Pfeffer, A.,·Mai, C., Militz, H., 2012. Weathering Characteristics of Wood Treated With Water Glass, Siloxane or DMDHEU. European Journal Wood Products,70:165–176, DOI 10.1007/s00107-011-0520-8
Pizzi, A., 2003. Melamin Formaldehyde Adhesives, Copyright by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Sudiyanni, Y., Imamura, Y., Takahashi, M., 1996. Weathering effects on several properties of chemically modified wood. Wood Research Institute Kyoto University, 83: 55-58.
Torkaman, J., 2008. Reduction of Water absorption and Swelling of Fiberboard. 11DBMC International Conference on Duability of Building Materials and Components, İstanbul, 11-14 May, Turkey, 642-646.
İlter, M., 2017. Ütülemenin kimyası http://www.kmo.org.tr/resimler/ekler/92ae65eb0bcea33_ek.pdf, (Ziyaret tarihi: 07.07.2021)
US 4442257, 1984. Borovicka D. A., Sr., Parma; Hahn K. G.,; Tupa J. T., Low temperature cure latexes.
Wascher, R., Kühn, C., Avramidis G., Bicke, S., Militz, H., Ohms, G., Viöl, W., 2017. Plywood Made from Plasma-Treated Veneers: Melamine Uptake, Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties. Journal Wood Science 63, 338-349, https://doi.org/10.1007/s.10086-017-1632-5
Wepner, F., Krause, A., Militz, H., 2006. Weathering resistance of N– Methylol-Treated Plywood Panels. in: Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Veneer Processing and Products. Vancouver, Canada pp 305–314.
Xie, Y., Fu, Q., Wang, Q., Xiao, Z., Militz, H., 2013. Effect of chemical modification on the mechanical properties of wood. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 71(4), 401-416, https://10.1007/s00107-013-0693-4
Xie, Y., Xiao, Z., Mai, C., 2015. Degradation of chemically modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with Fenton reagent. Holzforschung, 69(2), 153-161, DOI 10.1515/hf.2014-0067
Yang, H., Yang, C. Q. He, Q., 2009. The Bonding of a Hydroxy-Functional Organophosphorus Oligomer to Nylon Fabric Using The Formaldehyde Derivatives of Urea and Melamine As The Bonding Agents. Polymer Degradation and Stability 94 1023-1031. DOI 10.1016/polymdegradstab.2009.02.008
Yasuda, R., Minato, K., Norimoto, M., 1994. Chemical modification of Wood by Non Formaldehyde Cross-Linking Reagents. Part 2. Moisture adsorption and creep properties, Wood Science and Technology, 28, 209-218.
Zinetbaş, G., 2015. Farklı Tip Buruşmazlık Etkisi Sağlayan Kimyasalların Boyanmış Viskon Dokuma Kumaşın Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bursa.