Kök kesimi ve tepe budamasının keçiboynuzu (Ceratonia siliqua) fidanlarının bazı morfolojik özelliklerine ve dikim başarısına etkisi

Keçiboynuzu ile yapılacak başarılı ağaçlandırmalar için uygun fidan tipinin belirlenmesine yönelik yapılan bu çalışmada, fidanlık koşullarında çıplak köklü fidanlarda alttan kök kesimi ile tepe budaması ve tüplü fidanlarda ise sadece tepe budamasının, 1+0 yaşlı fidanların bazı morfolojik özellikleri ile arazideki yaşamı ve gelişimi üzerine etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Fidanlıkta yetiştirilen çıplak köklü fidanlarda tek kök kesimi (temmuz sonu) ve iki defa kök kesimi (temmuz sonu- eylülün 2. haftası) uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca hem çıplak hem de tüplü fidanların tepeleri, toprak seviyesinden itibaren ortalama fidan boyunun yaklaşık 1/2 ve 2/3’ünden kasım ayının ortasında budanmıştır. Fidanlıkta 3 yinelemeli olarak üretilen fidanlar, şubat ayının sonunda Osmaniye ili Sumbas ilçesi Akdam yöresinde 4 yinelemeli olarak 2 x 2 m aralıklar ile dikilmiştir. Fidanlıkta çıplak köklü fidan üretiminde “rastlantı bloklarında bölünmüş parsel ve tüplü fidan üretiminde rastlantı parselleri deneme deseni kullanırken arazide rastlantı blokları deneme deseni kullanılmıştır. Hem çıplak köklü hem de tüplü fidanlarda uygulanan işlemler, genel olarak fidan morfolojik özellikleri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak etkili çıkmıştır. Buna rağmen, arazide 3. büyüme sezonun sonunda fidan tipi hariç diğer işlemlerin etkisi düşük olmuştur. Çıplak köklü fidanlara göre tüplü fidanlar, daha fazla yaşama oranına, boy ve çap gelişimine sahip olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Keçiboynuzu, fidanlık, morfoloji, ağaçlandırma, çelik

Effect of undercutting and top pruning on morphological properties and field performance of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) seedlings

This study aimed to determine the suitable planting stock for successful carob afforestation. It investigated the effects of both undercutting and top pruning in bare-rooted seedlings and only top pruning in containerized seedlings. The study revealed the impact of these practices on the morphological characteristics of 1+0 seedlings in the nursery, as well as their survival and growth in the field. In addition, in the middle of November in both bare-rooted and containerized seedlings, the tops of seedlings were pruned at about 1/2 (severe) and 2/3 (mild) of the average height from the soil level. The seedlings, produced in three replications in the nursery, were planted in late February with four replications at a spacing of 2 x 2 m in the Akdam region of the Sumbas district in Osmaniye province. In the nursery, a “Completely Randomized Design” was utilized for producing containerized seedlings, while a “Split-Plots in Randomized Complete Block Design” was used for producing bare-rooted seedlings. In the field, a “Randomized Complete Block Design” was implemented. The nursery cultivation techniques applied to both bare-rooted and containerized seedlings had a statistically significant effect on the morphological characteristics of the seedlings in the nursery. However, at the end of the third growing season in the field, the treatments, except for the planting stock type, had a low effect, and they did not significantly improve the survival and growth of seedlings. The containerized seedlings exhibited higher survival rates, as well as greater height and root collar diameter growth compared to the bare-rooted seedlings.

Keywords:

Carob, nursery, morphology, afforestation, seedling,

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