Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.), which is one of the oldest trees in the world, is the most typical example of maquis that grows in Meditarranean climate influence area. The natural growing area of the carob tree is the the east part of the Mediterranean catchment but it can be seen in the areas with the similar climate conditions like South Africa, middle Chile, Perth (Western Australia). As a result of human activities, it spred out to all continents except. Carob is also a plant that has an economical importance (To syrup from baby food, to bakery products from molasses). In this study growing conditions, its spreading out in the world, cultural and economical features of the carob are evaluated as a whole