Fatma GÜNDOGDU, Aybüke ULAŞ, Ecem TAŞ, Vildan ÇARDAK, İrem Yaren ŞANDIR, Muhammed DURMAZ, Mehmet Salim ECER

Hemşirelerin İş Yerinde Yaşadıkları Psikolojik Şiddet ile Psikolojik Sağlamlılıkları Arasındaki İlişki

Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelerin iş yerinde yaşadıkları psikolojik şiddet ile psikolojik sağlamlıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: İlişki arayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, 15 Nisan-1 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında, 236 hemşire ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “İş Yerinde Psikolojik Şiddet Davranışları Ölçeği” ve “Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzde dağılımı Ki-kare testi, Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi kullanılmış, p<0.05 düzeyi istatistik olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin %35.6'sının psikolojik şiddete maruz kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bölüm değiştirme talebinde bulunanların bulunmayanlara, mesleğini sürdürmek istemeyenlerin mesleğini sürdürmek isteyenlere göre psikolojik şiddet puan ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Psikolojik şiddet ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında negatif yönlü düşük düzey istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki (r=-0.164) olduğu ve psikolojik şiddetin bir birim artmasının, psikolojik sağlamlığın 0.202 puan düşmesine neden olduğu (B=-0.202) belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda hemşirelerin psikolojik şiddet ile psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu, psikolojik şiddet arttıkça psikolojik sağlamlığın azalabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hemşirelik, psikolojik şiddet, psikolojik sağlamlılık

The Relationship Between the Psychological Violence Experienced by Nurses in the Workplace and Their Psychological Resilience

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the psychological violence experienced by nurses at work and their psychological resilience. Methods: This relationship-seeking study was conducted with 236 nurses between April 15 and May 1, 2021. “The Personal Information Form”, “Scale for Psychological Violence at Work” and “Brief Resilience Scale” were used to collect data. Number percent distribution, Chi-square test, and Simple Linear Regression Analysis were used in the analysis of the data, and a p<0.05 level was considered statistically significant. Results: It was determined that 35.60% of the nurses were exposed to psychological violence. It was determined that the mean score of psychological violence was higher for those who did not want to change their department and those who did not want to continue their profession than for those who wanted to continue their profession (p<0.05). It was determined that there was a negative and low-level statistically significant relationship between psychological violence and resilience (r=-0.164), and in psychological violence, one-unit increase caused a decrease in psychological resilience by 0.202 points (B=-0.202). Conclusion: As a result of the evaluation, it was concluded that there is a negative relationship between psychological violence and the resilience levels of nurses, that as psychological violence increases, psychological resilience may decrease.

Keywords:

Nursing, psychological violence, resilience,

PDF

___

Bayer E, Dal A. (2018). Hemşirelerde psikolojik şiddet ve verilen tepkiler üzerine bir araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(4), 459-481.
Cerit K, Keskin Türkmen S, Erdem R. (2018). Hemşirelerin iş yerinde şiddete maruz kalma durumlarının ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 31, 231–242. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.30794/ pausbed.414829
Choi SH, Lee HY. (2017). Workplace violence against nurses in Korea and its impact on professional quality of life and turnover intention. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(7), 508–518. https://doi.org/10.1111 /jonm.12488
Deniz S, Çimen M, Yüksel O. (2020). Psikolojik sağlamlılığın iş stresine etkisi: hastane çalışanlarına yönelik bir araştırma. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 8(2), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs
Babiarczyk B, Turbiarz A, Tomagová M, Zeleníková R, Önler E, Cantus DS. (2020). Reporting of workplace violence towards nurses in 5 european countries–a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 33(3), 325–338. https://doi.org/10.13075/IJOMEH .1896.01475
DiLullo LK. (1997). A post hoc power analysis of inferential research examining the relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematics performance. In Auburn University.
Doğan T. (2015). Kısa psikolojik sağlamlık ölçeği’nin türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness&Well-Being, 3(1), 93–102
Günay U, Oltuluoğlu H, Aylaz R, Çalışkan Z, Tuncay S. (2016). Hemşirelerin mobbing davranışlarına maruz kalma durumlarının belirlenmesi. İnönü Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 12–18.
Itzhaki M, Peles‐Bortz A, Kostistky H, Barnoy D, Filshtinsky V, Bluvstein I. (2015). Exposure of mental health nurses to violence associated with job stress, life satisfaction, staff resilience, and post‐traumatic growth. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 24(5), 403-412.
Jeong C, Lee EN. (2018). Mediating effect of resilience on the association between violence experience and violence response among nurses. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, 30(1), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20147
Kang HJ, Shin J, Lee, EH. (2020). Relationship of workplace violence to turnover intention in hospital nurses: Resilience as a mediator. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 50(5), 728–736. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20147
Kim S, Mayer, C., Jones, C. B. (2021). Relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion and patient safety. Journal of Research in Nursing, 26(1-2), 35-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120960200
Lee J., Lee B. (2022). Psychological workplace violence and health outcomes in South Korean nurses. Workplace Health&Safety, 70(5), 228-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/21650799211025997
Leyman H. (1990). Mobbing and psychological terror at workplaces. Violence and Victims, 5(2), 119–126. Leymann H. (1996). The content and development of mobbing at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 165-184.
Li N, Zhang L, Xiao G, Chen J, Lu Q. (2019). The relationship between workplace violence, job satisfaction and turnover intention in emergency nurses. International Emergency Nursing, 45, 50-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2019.02.001
Li S, Yan H, Qiao S, Chang X. (2022). Prevalence, influencing factors and adverse consequences of workplace violence against nurses in China: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(6), 1801-1810. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.137 17
Liu W, Zhao S, Shi L, Zhang Z, Liu X, Li L, Duan X, Li G, Lou F, Jia X, Fan L, Sun T, Ni X. (2018). Workplace violence, job satisfaction, burnout, perceived organizational support and their effects on turnover intention among Chinese nurses in tertiary hospitals: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 8(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019525
Park JE, Song MR. (2022). Effects of emergency nurses’ experiences of violence, resilience, and nursing work environment on turnover intention: A cross-sectional survey. Journal of Emergency Nursing.https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jen.2022.10.001
Sisto A, Vicinanza F, Campanozzi LL, Ricci G, Tartaglini D, Tambone V. (2019). Towards a transversal definition of psychological resilience: A literature review. Medicina (Lithuania), 55(11), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110745
Smith BW, Dalen J, Wiggins K, Tooley E, Christopher P, Bernard J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15, 194–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705500802222972
Sönmez B, Yildirim A. (2018). Mobbing and its effects on Turkish nurses: A national literature review. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 7, 178–194. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3337570
Tabakakis C, McAllister M, Bradshaw J, To QG. (2019). Psychological resilience in New Zealand registered nurses: The role of workplace characteristics. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(7), 1351–1358. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12815
Xu H, Cao X, Jin Q X, Wang RS, Zhang YH, Chen, ZH. (2022). Distress, support and psychological resilience of psychiatric nurses as second victims after violence: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(6), 1777-1787. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13711
Varghese A, Joseph J, Vijay VR, Khakha DC, Dhandapani M, Gigini G, Kaimal R. (2022). Prevalence and determinants of workplace violence among nurses in the South-East Asian and Western Pacific Regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(7–8), 798–819. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15987
Yildirim D, Yildirim A. (2008). Development and psychometric evaluation of workplace psychologically violent behaviours instrument. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(10), 1361–1370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.02262.x
Yu F, Raphael D, Mackay L, Smith M, King A. (2019). Personal and work-related factors associated with nurse resilience: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 93(May), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.014
Zhang SE, Liu W, Wang J, Shi Y, Xie F, Cang S, Sun T, Fan L. (2018). Impact of workplace violence and compassionate behaviour in hospitals on stress, sleep quality and subjective health status among Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open, 8(10), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019373
Zhao SH, Shi Y, Sun ZN, Xie FZ, Wang JH, Zhang SE, Gou TY, Han XY, Sun T, and Fan LH. (2018). Impact of workplace violence against nurses’ thriving at work, job satisfaction and turnover intention: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(13–14), 2620–2632. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14311