Almanya ve Birleşik Krallık’ın Uluslararası Eğitimde Lokal Yaklaşımlarının Karşılaştırılması: Tarihsel / Sosyolojik Görünümler

Küreselleşmenin en etkili olduğu alanlardan biri de kuşkusuz yüksek öğrenimdir. Her yıl yüz binlerce öğrenci üniversite eğitimini sürdürmek için bulunduğu ülkeden çıkıp diğer ülkelere seyahat etmekte ve eğitimini farklı bir ülkede sürdürmektedir. Böyle bir eğilim, küresel olarak yüksek öğretim alanında bazı özel uygulamalar tarafından beslenmekte ve aynı zamanda teşvik edilmektedir. Bu küresel ilginin yanı sıra, her ülkenin aynı kaygı ve formlarda bir eğitim politikası yürüttüğünü iddia etmek çok da geçerli bir sonuç ortaya koymayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, uluslararası öğrenci politikalarının yerel unsurlardan hangi ölçüde etkilenebileceği ve bu unsurların ülkelere özgü uluslararası öğrenci görünümlerine etkisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu mesele Almanya ve Birleşik Krallık örneğinde değerlendirilecekir. Bu iki ülkenin yaşadığı iki farklı siyasi tarih, bu konunun açık bir şekilde anlaşılabilmesi için fırsat sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, sosyal bilimlerde tartışılan “yerelliğin” ve küreselleşmeyle ilgili geleneksel / tarihsel reflekslerin durumu, Almanya ve Birleşik Krallık'ta meydana gelen özgün yönler incelendikten sonra eğitim süreci aracılığıyla yeniden gözden geçirilmiş olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Küreselleşme, Küyerelleşme, Yükseköğrenim, Uluslararası Öğrenciler

Comparing Germany and the UK’s Local Approaches on International Education: Historical / Sociological Aspects

One of the areas where globalization is very influential is undoubtedly higher education. Every year, hundreds of thousands of students travel to other countries by leaving their home countries in order to maintain their university education in these foreign universities. Such a trend is both fed by and foster some specific implementations in the area of higher education globally. Besides this global interest, we cannot it will not put a valid consequence to claim that each country carries out a policy of education in similar concerns and forms. In this study, we will try to show how far international student policies can accommodate local elements and how could these local elements illustrate the unique perspectives regarding the reflections of international students in a specific country. This issue will be evaluated in the cases of Germany and the U.K. Two different political history that these two countries have experienced give us opportunities for a clear understanding of this issue. Finally, the status of ‘locality’ and traditional/historical reflexes in globalization, which is discussed in the social sciences, will again be re-visited by means of the process of education after investigating unique aspects occurred in Germany and the UK.

Keywords:

Globalization, Glocalization, Higher Education, International Students,

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