İş Yolculuğunun Kavramsal Anlamda İncelenmesi ve Geri Çekilme Davranışları

İş fırsatları ve iş piyasası, birçok ülkede yalnızca bazı bölgelerde yoğunlaşmaktadır ve işgücü piyasasına katılmak isteyenlerin bu duruma uyum sağlaması gerekmektedir. Çalışanların evi ve işyerleri arasındaki mesafeler, bu uyumu zorlaştıran unsurlardandır. Mesleği ya da işi ne kadar zorlu veya rahat olursa olsun, tüm çalışanların bir iş günü öncelikle işe gitmek için yapılan yolculukla başlamaktadır. Günümüzde modern çalışma biçimlerinin yaygınlaşması ile dahi çok az sayıda insan evden çalışma veya işyerine bağımlı olmadan çalışma olanaklarına sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, gündelik iş yolculuğunun etkilerini ve sonuçlarını tartışmak amacıyla, kaynakların korunumu yaklaşımı ve iş talepleri- iş kaynakları yaklaşımı gibi teorilerden yararlanılmış ve bu yaklaşımların yardımıyla, yolculuk sırasında yaşanan kaynak tüketiminin, hayatın iş dışında kalan yönlerine, işe bağlılığa, işten geri çekilme davranışlarına ve iş-yaşam dengesi gibi örgütsel sonuçlara nasıl etki ettiği ele alınmıştır. Konunun, çalışma hayatını ele alan kaynaklarda nadir tartışılmış olduğu tespit edilmiş ve bu yolculuğun ortaya çıkardığı sonuçların nasıl ortadan kaldırılabileceği ile ilgili görüşler ve öneriler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İş yolculuğu, Geri çekilme davranışları, Kaynakların korunumu

Commuting and Withdrawal Behavior: A Conceptual Discussion

Job opportunities and job market are concentrated in some areas in many countries, and those who wish to join the labor market need to relocate or mobilize accordingly. For that, employees commute to work in the morning and travel back in the evening. This journey, which must be endured daily by employees, is a problem that should be addressed by organizational sciences. The distance between home and work is at the top of every employee's challenges. No matter how challenging or comfortable the job is, the ordinary day starts with the commute. Even with the increasing implementation of modern forms of work, few people still have work designs that enable them to work from home or work without being dependent on the workplace. Commuting is an inevitable effort one has to make in urbanized regions and it is a must to stay in the labor market. For the purpose of discussing its effects and outcomes, theories which have proven themselves in the literature have been utilized such as the conservation of resources approach and work demands-resources approach. With the help of these approaches, we discuss how the resource consumption during the commute affect the work and non-work aspects of life, how they affect organizational results such as commitment to the workplace, withdrawal behaviors, and work life balance. Implications for further research and for practice are discussed.

Keywords:

Commuting, Withdrawal Behavior, Conservation of Resources,

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