___

• Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Early enteral nutrition in acutely ill
• patients: a systematic review. Critical Care Medicine
• ;(29): 2264-70.
• Ponsky JL, Gauderer MW. Percutaneous endoscopic
• gastrostomy: a nonoperative technique for feeding
• gastrostomy. Gastrointest Endosc. 1981; (27): 9-11.
• Gauderer MW, Ponsky JL, Izant RJ Jr. Gastrostomy without
• laparotomy: a percutaneous endoscopic technique. J Pediatr
• Surg 1980;(15):872-5.
• Schrag S, Sharma R, Jaik N. Complications related to
• percutenaus endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes. A
• comprehensive clinical review. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis
• ;(16):407-18.
• Bacakoğlu F Yoğun Bakım Hastalarında Beslenme. Solunum
• ; (10): 54- 61
• Kudsk KA, Croce MA, Fabian TC et al. Enteral versus
• parenteral feeding: Effects on septic morbidity after blunt
• and penetrating abdominal trauma. Ann Surg. 1992; (215):
• -11.
• Moore FA, Moore EE, Jones TN et al. TEN vs TPN
• following major abdominal trauma: Reduces septic morbidity.
• J Trauma 1989; (29): 916-22
• Moore FA, Feliciano DV, Andrassy RJ et al. Early enteral
• feding compared with parenteral reduces postoperative septic
• complications: The results of a meta-analysis. Ann Surg.
• ;( 216): 172- 83.
• Mc Clave SA, Lukan JK, Slefater JA. Poor validity of residual
• volumes as a marker for risk of aspiration in critically ill
• patients. Crit Care Med. 2005;(33): 324-30.
• Akıncı IO, Ozcan P, Tuğrul S et al. Percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy in ICU. Ulus Travma Derg. 2000;
• (6): 281-3.
• Harbrecht BG, Moraca RJ, Saul M. Percutaneus endoscopic
• gastrostomy reduces total hospital costs in head-injured
• patients. Am J Surg. 1998; (176): 311-4
• Tokunaga T, Kubo T, Ryan S. Long-term outcome after
• placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube.
• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2008;(8):19-23.
• Russel TR, Brotman M, Norris F. Percutaneous endoscopic
• gastrostomy: a new simplified and cost effective technique.
• Am J Surg 1984;(142):132- 7.
• DeLegge MH, Berry AJ. Risk of endoscopic enteral Access.
• Tech Gastrointest Endosc 2008; (10):36-44.
• Finocchiaro C, Galletti R, Rovera G. Percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy: a long-term follow-up. Nutrition
• ;(13):520-3.
• Chong C, Derigo L, Brown D. Massive gastric bleeding: a
• rarely seen subacute complication of percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy. İntern Med J 2007;(37):787-8.
• Jafri NS, Mahid SS, Minor KS et al. Metaanalysis: antibiotic
• prophylaxis to prevent periostamal infection following
• percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Aliment Pharmaco
• Ther 2007;(25):647-56.
• Blum Ca, Selender C, Rudy JM et al. The incidence and
• clinical significance of pneumoperitoneum after percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy. A review of 722 cases. Am Surg
• ; (75):39-43.
• Grant JP. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Initial
• placement by single endoscopic technique and long-term
• follow-up. Ann Surg 1993;(217):168-74.
• Schurink CA, Tuynman H, Scholten P et al. Percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy: complications and suggestions to
• avoid them. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepathol. 2001;(13):819-23.
• Blum Ca, Selender C, Rudy JM et al. The incidence and
• clinical significance of pneumoperitoneum after percutaneous
• endoscopic gastrostomy. A review of 722 cases. Am Surg
• ; (75):39-43.