FARKLI ERİME SICAKLIKLARINA SAHİP GRAFEN NANOPARÇACIK KATKILI FAZ DEĞİŞTİREN MADDE KOMPOZİTLERİNİN ISIL CEVAPLARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI

Bu çalışmada, farklı erime sıcaklıklarına sahip parafin esaslı faz değiştiren maddeler (FDMs) içerisine katkılanan aynı tip Grafen nanoparçacıkların (GNP) termal özellikler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle 42oC, 62 oC ve 82oC erime sıcaklıklarına sahip FDM’ler içerisine kütlece %1, %3 ve %5 GNP katkılanarak elde edilen GNP/FDM kompozitleri, kimyasal ve termal olarak karakterize edilmiştir. Kimyasal karakterizasyon FT-IR spektrumlarının, termal karakterizasyon ise ısıl iletkenlik, erime/katılaşma sıcaklıkları ve enerji depolama kapasiteleri gibi özelliklerin ölçülmesiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir sonraki aşamada termal özellikleri belirlenen GNP/FDM kompozitlerinin bir enerji depolama birimindeki termal cevapları ve görselleştirmesi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar GNP kütle bölüntülerinin tüm FDM’lerde yaklaşık olarak aynı büyüklükte ısıl iletkenlik artışlarına, fakat farklı yüzdelik iyileştirmelere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşın GNP katkısının erime/katılaşma enerji kapasitelerinde %13’e varan azalmaya neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. %5 GNP katkısının A42, A62 ve A82 FDM’lerin etkin kullanım süre performanslarını sırasıyla %54.5, %80.5 ve %63.3 iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Aynı kompozitler için maksimum sıcaklık kısıtlama performaslarının ise sırasıyla 18.4, %10.9 ve %8.1 iyileştiği görülmüştür.

THERMAL RESPONSE INVESTIGATION OF THE GRAPHENE NANOPARTICLES INCORPORATED PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS HAVING DIFFERENT MELTING TEMPERATURES

In this study, the effects of the same type of Graphene nanoparticles (GNP) added to paraffin based phase change material (PCM) having different melting temperatures on thermal properties were investigated. In this respect firstly, GNP/PCM composites were obtained by adding GNP mass fraction of 1%, 3% and 5% into PCMs having melting temperatures of 42 oC, 62 oC, 82 oC and then obtained composites were chemically and thermally characterized. The chemical characterizations were conducted by measuring the FT-IR spectrums and thermal characterizations were made by measuring the properties such as thermal conductivities, melting/solidification temperatures and energy storage capacities. Then thermal responses and visualization of thermally characterized GNP/PCM composites were examined.The results indicate that the GNP mass fractions cause an increase in thermal conductivity of approximately the same magnitude in all PCMs, but a different percentage improvement. However, it was determined that the GNP contribution caused a reduction in melting/solidification energy capacities of up to 13%. It was determined that 5% GNP contribution enhanced the effective using period performances of the A42, A62 and A82 FDMs by 54.5%, 80.5% and 63.3% respectively. Maximum temperature restriction performances for the same composites were improved by 18.4, 10.9% and 8.1%, respectively.

PDF

___

[1] Mert, M. S., Sert, M., Mert, H.H. (2018). Isıl Enerjı̇ Depolama Sı̇stemleri içı̇n Organı̇k Faz Değı̇ştı̇ren Maddelerı̇n Mevcut Durumu Üzerı̇ne Bı̇r İnceleme. Mühendislik Bilim. ve Tasarım Derg., 6, 161–174.
[2] Sarier, N., & Onder, E. (2012) Organic phase change materials and their textile applications: An overview. Thermochim. Acta, 540, 7–60.
[3] Liu, L., Su, D., Tang, Y., Fang, G. (2016). Thermal conductivity enhancement of phase change materials for thermal energy storage: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 62, 305–317.
[4] Hadiya, J. P., & Shukla, A.K.N. (2016). Experimental thermal behavior response of paraffin wax as storage unit. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 124,1511–1518.
[5] Lorwanishpaisarn, N., Kasemsiri, P., Posi, P., Chindaprasirt, P. (2017). Characterization of paraffin/ultrasonic-treated diatomite for use as phase change material in thermal energy storage of buildings. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.,128, 1293–1303.
[6] Oró, E., De Gracia, A., Castell, A., Farid, M.M., Cabeza, L.F. (2012). Review on phase change materials (PCMs) for cold thermal energy storage applications, Applied Energy, 99, 513-533.
[7] Yuan, Y., Li, T., Zhang, N., Cao, X., & Yang, X. (2016). Investigation on thermal properties of capric–palmitic– stearic acid/activated carbon composite phase change materials for high-temperature cooling application. J. Therm.Anal. Calorim., 124, 881-888.
[8] Al Hallaj, S., & Selman, J.R. (2000). A Novel Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicle Batteries Using Phase-Change Material. J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, 3231-3236.
[9] Khateeb, S.A., Farid, M.M., Selman, J.R., & Al-Hallaj, S. (2004). Design and simulation of a lithium-ion battery with a phase change material thermal management system for an electric scooter. J. Power Sources, 128, 292-307.
[10] Hémery, C.V., Pra, F., Robin, J.F., & Marty, P. (2014). Experimental performances of a battery thermal management system using a phase change material. J. Power Sources, 270, 349-358.
[11] Sari, A., Alkan, C., Karaipekli, A., & Önal, A. (2008). Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA)/fatty acid composites as form stable phase change materials. Energy Convers. Manag., 49(2), 373–380.
[12] Sharma, A., Tyagi, V.V., Chen, C.R., & Buddhi, D., (2009). Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 23, 251-283.
[13] Wang, J.F., Xie, H.Q., Li, Y., & Xin, Z., (2010). PW based phase change nanocomposites containing gamma-Al2O3. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 102, 709-713.
[14] Ho, C.J., & Gao, J.Y. (2009). Preparation and thermophysical properties of nanoparticle-in-paraffin emulsion as phase change material. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., 36, 467-470.
[15] Wu, S., Zhu, D., Zhang, X., & Huang, J. (2010). Preparation and melting/freezing characteristics of Cu/paraffin nanofluid as phase-change material (PCM). Energy and Fuels. 24,1894–1898.
[16] Liu, Y.D., Zhou, Y.G., Tong, M.W., & Zhou, X.S. (2009). Experimental study of thermal conductivity and phase change performance of nanofluids PCMs. Microfluid. Nanofluidics. 7, 579–584.
[17] Temel, U.N & Ciftci, B.Y. (2018). Determination of Themal Properties of A82 Organic Phase Change Material Embedded with Different Type Nanoparticles. Isı Bilimi ve Teknigi Dergisi. LS, 38, 75–85.
[18] Fan, L.W., Fang, X., Wang, X., et al., (2013). Effects of various carbon nanofillers on the thermal conductivity and energy storage properties of paraffin-based nanocomposite phase change materials. Appl. Energy, 110, 163-172.
[19] Wang, J., Xie, H., Xin, Z., & Li, Y. (2010). Increasing the thermal conductivity of palmitic acid by the addition of carbon nanotubes,” Carbon, 48, 3979-3986.
[20] Yu, Z.T., Fang, X., Wu, Li., et al. (2013). Increased thermal conductivity of liquid paraffin-based suspensions in the presence of carbon nano-additives of various sizes and shapes. Carbon, 53, 277-285.
[21] Yavari F., Fard, H.R., Pashayi, K., et al. (2011). Enhanced thermal conductivity in a nanostructured phase change composite due to low concentration graphene additives. J. Phys. Chem. 115,8753-8758.
[22] Cui, Y., Liu, C., Hu, S., & Yu, X. (2011). The experimental exploration of carbon nanofiber and carbon nanotube additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 95, 1208-1212.
[23] Shi J.N., Ger, M.D., Liu, Y.M., et al. (2013). Improving the thermal conductivity and shape-stabilization of phase change materials using nanographite additives. Carbon, 51, 365-372.
[24] Wang, J., Xie, H., & Xin, Z. (2009). Thermal properties of paraffin based composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Thermochim. Acta, 485, 39-42.
[25] Wang, J., Xie, H., Xin, Z., Li, Y., & Chen, L. (2010). Enhancing thermal conductivity of palmitic acid based phase change materials with carbon nanotubes as fillers. Sol. Energy, 84, 339-344.