ATIKTAN ENERJİ: MİKRO-TÜRBİNLERDE DEPONİ GAZLARININ KULLANIMI

Sosyal ve ekonomik kalkınma, nüfus ve yaşam standartlarındaki artışın sonucu olarak enerji tüketimi tüm dünyada sürekli artmakta ve bu etkilerin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan katı atıklarda çevre üzerinde önemli etkilere sebep olmaktadır. Katı atıklar tüketici temelli ekonomik yaşam tarzının önemli ve zararlı bir sonucudur. Sürdürülebilir enerji için kentsel katı atık depolama sahalarında oluşan deponi gazları yüksek metan içeriği nedeniyle enerji üretim sistemlerinde yakıt olarak kullanılabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada, küçük ölçekli bir katı atık depolama sahasında 30 kW gücünde mikro-türbin kullanarak elektrik enerjisi üretimi teknik ve ekonomik olarak incelenmiştir. Mikro-türbinin yıllık elektrik enerjisi, üretimi kapasite faktörü 0,8 olduğunda, 210.240 kWh olarak hesaplanmıştır. Türbin özgül maliyetine göre hesaplanan elektrik enerjisinin bir değere getirilmiş maliyeti % 8 indirim oranı için 0.079 $ olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, küçük ölçekli katı atık depolama sahasında 30 kW gücünde mikro-türbin kullanılarak elektrik enerjisi üretiminin teknik ve ekonomik olarak uygun olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Deponi Gazı, mikro-türbin, enerji maliye

WASTE TO ENERGY: EXPLOITATION OF LANDFILL GAS IN MICRO-TURBINES

The energy consumption has been increasing due to social and economic development, risen up of people’s living standard and also population growth in the world. In addition, solid wastes occurring as result of these driven causes have emerging as a significant pressure on environment. Solid waste is the most visible and pernicious by-product of consumer-based economic lifestyle. The Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the principal volume of residues produced worldwide. Landfill gas which is generated by means of MSW due to considerable methane content can be used as fuel in the energy generation machines for sustainable energy production. In this study, a technical and economic study using micro-turbine of the 30 kW power for utilization in small size landfill areas is presented. Annual electricity generation of micro-turbine considered is 210,240 kWh when capacity factor is 0.80. Economical evaluation for micro-turbine was made using the Levelized Cost of Electricity method. The electricity cost is predicted to be US$0.079 for 8% discount rate and the considered turbine-specific cost. The results show that electricity production based on biogas with micro-turbine of 30 kW power is realistic in terms of techno-economic for the small size landfill area.

Keywords:

Landfill gas, micro-turbine, energy cost,

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