ROMA İMPARATORLARINA SENATO TARAFINDAN VERİLEN FETİH UNVANLARI VE YÖNETİM ANLAYIŞINA ETKİSİ

Roma, tarihi boyunca, yayılmacı bir politika izleyerek topraklarını genişletmeyi öncelikli amaç haline getirmiştir. Roma’da Caesar’ın kendisini diktatör ilan etmesi ile birlikte Cumhuriyet yönetimi kaybolmaya başlamıştır. Caesar, bir imparator olmamasına rağmen kendisini yüceltmek adına yönetimsel unvanlar kullanmıştır. Caesar’ın ölümünden sonra yaşanan iç savaşın galibi Augustus, ilk imparator olarak kabul edilmiştir. Roma’da imparatorluk yönetiminin oluşmasından sonra imparatorlar büyük orduları ile geniş coğrafyaları ele geçirmek için seferlere çıkmışlardır. Roma’nın merkezi coğrafyası dışında kalan Parth, Dacia, Britain, Armenia ve Germen bölgelerinde Roma imparatorları zaferler kazanmıştır. Bu zaferler ile otoriteleri sağlamlaştırmış ve Senato’dan kazandıkları başarının karşılığında yüceleştirici unvanlar almışlardır. Roma İmparatorları, aynı unvanı birçok defa kazanabildiği gibi kazandığı unvanları hayatı boyunca kullanabilmişlerdir. Roma İmparatorları yüceleştirici ferih unvanları kazanmaya önem vermiştir. Bu unvanların verilmesi zamanla yaygınlaşmış ve her imparator birkaç unvan elde etmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çalışma, Augustus ile Theodosius arasındaki dönem ile sınırlandırılmış ve Roma İmparatorlarının yaptıkları fetihler sonucunda kendilerini yüceltmek adına senato tarafından aldıkları unvanlar hakkında bilgi vermeyi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Roma, Fetih Unvanları, Senato, Rome, Titles of Conquest, Senate, Parthicus

TITLES OF CONQUEST GIVEN TO ROMAN EMPERORS BY THE SENATE AND IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT APPROACH

Since the date of their establishment, the Romans have continuously expanded their lands by following an expansionist policy. With the Hellenistic Period that emerged after Alexander the Great, their spreading areas became the present Anatolian geography, which they called Asia Minor. After Caesar declared himself dictator in Rome, the Republican administration began to lose its functional feature. Although Caesar was not an emperor, it is known that some titles were used to glorify him. Although the republic administration continued to exist after Caesar, this situation did not last long, and after the civil war, Augustus became the first emperor by introducing the Imperial system. With the transition to the Roman imperial system, the conquest movements continued continuously and their borders reached wide geographies. Roman emperors demanded titles from the Senate after their conquests in order to consolidate their authority and reach a certain power of rule, in order to be glorified as a reward for their success, from the name of the place they conquered or the enemies they won victory. In addition, although these titles are not unique to one time, an emperor has taken more than one title, and also the emperors have taken a title many times in their own time. Since the Roman Emperors understood the importance of the titles for them, they demanded their titles from the Senate regardless of the size of the conquests made or won, and after a while, taking the title became a tradition. This study covers the emperors between the period of Augustus and Theodosius in terms of time. In addition, in the study, it is aimed to explain in detail the titles that the Roman Emperors received by the senate in order to glorify themselves as a result of their conquests.

Keywords:

Rome, Titles of Conquest, Senate, Parthicus,

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