Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Özel Gereksinimli Öğrencisi Olan Öğretim Elemanlarının Karşılaştıkları Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri

Araştırmanın amacı yükseköğretim kurumlarında derslerinde özel gereksinimli öğrencilere eğitim sunan öğretim elemanlarının karşılaştıkları sorunları ve bu sorunlara getirdikleri çözüm önerilerini belirlemektir. Amaç doğrultusunda, öğretim elemanlarının özel gereksinimli öğrencilere ilişkin bilgi düzeylerine, karşılaştıkları sorunlara, bu sorunların sebeplerine ve yaşanan sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerine, özel gereksinimli öğrencilerine verdikleri eğitime ilişkin kendilerini ve kurumlarını değerlendirmelerine yönelik görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimleyici fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Türkiye’nin İzmir ilindeki yükseköğretim kurumlarında görev yapmakta olan ve derslerinde özel gereksinimli öğrencilere eğitim sunan 25 öğretim elemanı oluşturmaktadır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmış ve betimsel içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları öğretim elemanlarının derslerinde bulunan özel gereksinimli öğrencilerinin yetersizlik türleriyle ilgili yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları, akademik uyarlamalara ilişkin kendilerini nitelikli hissetmedikleri, görev yapmakta oldukları yükseköğretim kurumunun erişilebilirlik açısından yeterli düzeyde olmadığı, akademik ve idari personelin farkındalığının düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bulgular doğrultusunda farkındalığı arttırıcı çalışmaları, üniversitede görev yapan personelin engelli öğrencilerin özelliklerine ve yapılabilecek uyarlamalara ilişkin eğitimleri ve erişilebilirlik konusunda düzenlemeleri kapsayan çalışmaların yapılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır ve öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

akademik uyarlamalar, öğretim elemanları, yükseköğretimdeki özel gereksinimli öğrenciler

Higher Education Instructors With Special Needs Students: Challenges And Recommendations

This research identifies the challenges encountered by higher education instructors who provide education to special needs students in their classes and the solutions they propose to address these challenges. The study investigated the level of knowledge of instructors regarding their students with special needs, the opinions of the instructors on encountered problems, the reasons and solutions of these problems, and the self-assessment of instructors and their institutions regarding the education provided to students with special needs. The participants of the study consisted of 25 higher education instructors who provide education to students with special needs in their classes. The participants were selected using maximum diversity and criterion sampling types of purposive sampling method. Data for the research were collected with semi-structured interview form and were analyzed using the descriptive content analysis method. Research findings showed that the instructors lacked sufficient knowledge about disabilities, did not feel qualified in terms of academic adaptations, found their higher education institution to be insufficient in terms of accessibility, and noted low awareness among academic and administrative staff. Research concluded that awareness-raising activities, personnel training regarding the characteristics of disabled students and possible accommodations, and necessary adjustments should be made in terms of accessibility. Recommendations were developed accordingly in this context.

Keywords:

academic adaptations, higher education instructors, students with special needs in higher education,

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