Romatoid Artritli Hastaların Perspektifinden Yaşam Deneyimleri: Fenomenolojik Bir Yaklaşım

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, romatoid artritli hastaların perspektifinden yaşam deneyimlerinin derinlemesine aktarılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve fenomenolojik olarak tasarlanan bu araştırma, 15 Temmuz- 15 Ağustos 2020 tarihleri arasında romatoloji polikliniğine muayene olmak için gelen ve en az 1 yıldır romatoid artrit tanısı olan toplam 24 birey ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan “Hasta Tanıtım Formu” ve “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” ile yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Görüşmeler sırasında romatoid artritli hastaların ifadeleri ses kayıt cihazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan kodlamalar sonucunda 3 tema belirlenmiştir. 1) Tanıya verilen ilk tepki, 2) Romatoid artrit semptomlarının hastalar üzerindeki etkisi, 3) Baş etme stratejileri. Romatoid artritli hastaların bir kısmı ilk tanı konulduğunda inkâr ve öfke yaşarken bir kısmı da aile üyelerinde aynı hastalık bulunduğu için kabullenmiştir. Hastalıkla birlikte yaşamları fiziksel, duygusal, emosyonel, sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan etkilenmiştir. Hastalıkla başa çıkarken tedaviye uyum sağlama, aile desteği alma, öz-yönetimlerini güçlendirme ve dine yönelme gibi yöntemleri kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, romatoid artritin hastaların yaşamlarını tanı konduğu andan itibaren nasıl etkilediğini ve hastalıkla nasıl baş ettiklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Sağlık profesyonellerinin hastalık yönetiminde hastanın bakış açısını dikkate alma ve holistik bir yaklaşımla tedavilerini oluşturmaları önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Romatoid Artrit, Yaşam Deneyimi, Fenomenolojik Yaklaşım

Life Experiences from the Perspective of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Phenomenological Approach

Objective: The aim of this research is to convey in-depth life experiences from the perspective of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: This descriptive and phenomenological study was completed with a total of 24 individuals who came to the rheumatology outpatient clinic for examination between 15 July and 15 August 2020 and had rheumatoid arthritis for at least 1 year. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the “Patient Information Form” and “Semi-structured Interview Form” created by the researchers. During the interviews, the statements of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis were recorded with a voice recorder. Content analysis method was used in the evaluation of the data. Results: As a result of the coding, 3 themes were determined. 1) Initial response to diagnosis, 2) Impact of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms on patients, 3) Coping strategies. While some of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis experienced denial and anger when the diagnosis was first made, some of them accepted because their family members had the same disease. With the disease, their lives have been affected physically, emotionally, socially and economically. It was determined that they used methods such as adapting to treatment, receiving family support, strengthening their self-management and turning to religion when coping with the disease. Conclusion:This study reveals how rheumatoid arthritis affects patients’ lives from the moment they are diagnosed and how they cope with the disease. It is recommended that health professionals consider the patient’s point of view in disease management and create their treatment with a holistic approach.

Keywords:

Rheumatoid Arthritis, Life Experience, Phenomenological Approach,

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