Farklı malç materyallerinin marul (Lactuca sativa L. Duna) bitkisinin gelişimi ve bazı mineral besin elementleri üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı renk ve özellikte plastik (PE) ve kumaş malzemenin malç malzemesi olarak kullanımının marul bitkisinin gelişimi ve mineral beslenmesine olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntemler ve Bulgular: Araştırma, 2018–2019 yıllarında sera koşullarında 2 yıl süre ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma; 3 farklı PE malç malzemesi, gözenekli kumaş malzeme ile kontrol uygulamalarından oluşturulmuştur. Denemede bitki materyali olarak marul bitkisi yetiştirilmiştir. Yetiştiricilik periyodu sonunda hasat edilen marul bitkisinde kuru ağırlık değerleriyle P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn ve Cu analizleri yapılarak uygulamalar arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Her iki yıl için de bitki kuru ağırlığı üzerine kontrol grubunda elde edilen verilerin diğer uygulamalar ile karşılaştırıldığında en etkili malç uygulamaların şeffaf PE malç ile balonlu PE malç uygulamaları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulamaların bitkilerin P ve Ca konsantrasyonuna etkileri her iki yıl için de anlamlı bulunurken, K ve Mg konsantrasyonlarına etkileri sadece bir yıl için anlamlı bulunmuştur. Uygulamaların bitkinin mikro element konsantrasyonları üzerine etkileri her iki yıl için de genellikle önemli bulunmuştur. Kaldırılan besin elementi miktarlarının, yapılan farklı malç uygulamalarına göre değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Genel bir değerlendirme yapılacak olursa, en fazla besin elementi alımının Ş-PE malç ve B-PE malç uygulamaları altında yetişen bitkiler tarafından gerçekleştirildiği görülmüştür.Genel Yorum: Her iki yıl için marul bitkisinde en yüksek mikro element konsantrasyonları kontrol uygulamasından elde edildiği, diğer uygulamaların bitkinin mikro element konsantrasyonlarına olan etkilerinin ise genellikle benzer oldukları görülmüştür.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Malç uygulamaların bitkinin besin elementi konsantrasyonlarına etkisine yönelik olarak genel bir değerlendirme yapıldığında, daha düşük bitki kuru ağırlık değeri elde edilen malç konularındaki bitkilerin besin elementi konsantrasyonlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En fazla besin elementi alımı, genellikle şeffaf PE malç ve balonlu PE malç uygulamasında gerçekleşmiştir.

Effect of different mulch materials on growth and some mineral nutrients of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Duna)

Aims: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of the use of plastic (PE) and fabric materials with different colors and properties on the growth and mineral nutrition of lettuce plant.Methods and Results: The research was conducted for 2 years in greenhouse conditions in 2018-2019. In the study, It consists of 3 different PE mulch material, porous fabric material and control applications. Lettuce plant was grown as a plant material in the experiment. P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu analyzes were made with the dry weight values of the lettuce plant harvested at the end of the cultivation period and the differences between the applications were revealed. When the data obtained in the control group on plant dry weight for both years were compared with other applications, it was determined that the most effective mulch applications were transparent PE mulch and bubble PE mulch applications. The effects of the treatments on the P and Ca concentrations of the plants were found to be significant for both years, while the effects on the K and Mg concentrations were significant for only one year. The effects of the applications on the micro element concentrations of the plant were generally found to be significant for both years. It has been determined that the amount of nutrients removed varies according to different mulch applications. If a general evaluation is made, it has been observed that the highest intake of nutrients is realized by plants grown under Ş-PE mulch and B-PE mulch applications. Conclusions: It was observed that the highest lettuce microelement concentrations for both years were obtained from control application, and the effects of the other applications on the micro element concentrations of the plant were generally similar Significance and Impact of the Study: When a general evaluation was made regarding the effect of mulch applications on nutrient concentrations of the plant, it was seen that the nutrient concentrations of plants with lower plant dry weight values were higher. The highest nutrient uptake was generally seen in transparent PE mulch and bubble PE mulch.

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