İbrahim TOKATLIOĞLU, Affan Hakan ÇERMİKLİ

YÜKSEK VE ORTA GELİRLİ ÜLKELERDE TEKNOLOJİK GELİŞMENİN ENERJİ YOĞUNLUĞU ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Çalışmada, teknolojinin gelişme hızı ile enerji yoğunluğu arasındaki ilişki, yüksek ve orta gelir grubundaki ülkeler için ayrı ayrı olarak üç değişkenli (sermaye, işgücü ve enerji) Cobb-Douglas tipi bir üretim fonksiyonu kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Teknolojinin gelişme hızı ile üretimde enerji kullanımı arasında pozitif korelasyonlu bir ilişki olduğu varsayımından hareketle 27 yüksek gelir grubu, 17 orta gelir grubundaki ülkeler için tahminler yapılmıştır. Yüksek ve orta gelir grubundaki ülkelerde hem teknoloji düzeyi hem de teknolojinin gelişme hızı birbirinden farklıdır. Çalışmada da bu farklılık ortaya çıkmıştır. Buna göre yüksek gelirli ülkelerde 19902011 döneminde teknolojinin gelişme hızı %0,9, orta gelirli ülkelerde ise %1,4 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Teknolojideki bu gelişme hızları yüksek gelirli ülkelerde %1.25, orta gelirli ülkelerde ise %1,65 düzeyinde bir enerji tasarrufu sağladığı tahmin edilmiştir.

THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL GROWTH ON ENERGY INTENSITY IN HIGH AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES

In this study, the relationship between technological growth and energy intensity are investigated by using three variable (capital, labor and energy) Cobb-Douglas production function for high and middle-income countries separately. For 27 high income and 17 middle income countries, estimates were made in prospect of there are positive correlation between technological growth rate and energy use in production. There is a difference in technological growth rate and technology level between high and middle income countries. These differences also emerged in this study. Accordingly to result, in 1990-2011 period, technological growth rate was estimated as a 0,9% in high income countries and 1,4% in middle income countries. In like manner, it was estimated that these technological growth rates lead to 1,25% energy saving in high income countries and 1,65% in middle income countries.

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