MADENCİLİK ENDÜSTRİSİNDE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK VE ATIK YÖNETİMİ: MACUN TEKNOLOJİSİ

Bu çalışmada, hem atık hacim azaltma hem de çevresel etki azaltma için madencilik endüstrisinde başarılı bir şekilde uygulanmakta olan macun teknolojisinin temel prensipleri incelenmiştir. Geçmiş yirmi yılda, macun teknolojisi araştırmaya dayalı maden dolgu fikrinden atıkların yerüstünde depolanması yaklaşımını tümüyle değiştirme potansiyelli yaygın olarak kabul görmüş, etkin maliyetli bir dolgu sistemine ilerlemiştir. Modern madenler için macun atık uygulaması içsel (örneğin atık, çimento ve karışım suyu özellikleri) ve dışsal (örneğin yerinde karıştırma, yerleştirme ve kür koşulları) parametrelere odaklanarak laboratuvar ve arazi testleriyle deneysel olarak gösterilmiştir. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki yenilikçi ve çevreye uyumlu bir sistem olarak macun atıklarının madencilik endüstrisinde dolgu ve depolama olarak kullanılması maden ömrü boyunca çevresel (örneğin atık baraj yıkılması, asidik su oluşumu) ve finansal kaygıları azaltarak operasyonel sürekliliği garanti edebilir. Son olarak, macun teknolojisi cevher hazırlama ve zenginleştirme tesislerinde üretilen problematik atıklarını daha iyi yönetmek için maden operatörlerine izin vermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Atıklar, Sürdürülebilirlik, Macun teknolojisi, Madencilik endüstrisi

SUSTAINABILITY AND TAILINGS MANAGEMENT IN THE MINING INDUSTRY: PASTE TECHNOLOGY

In this study, the basic principles of paste technology which has been implemented successfully in the mining industry for both waste volume reduction and environmental impact reduction were investigated. In the past two decades, paste technology has progressed from a research-based mine backfill idea to a widely accepted and cost-effective fill system with the potential to totally change the approach tailings are disposed on the surface. Application of paste tailings for modern mines was shown experimentally by laboratory and field testing, focusing on intrinsic (e.g., tailings, cement and mix water properties) and extrinsic (e.g., in situ mixing, placement and curing conditions) parameters. Results indicate that use of paste tailings as backfilling and disposal in the mining industry as an innovative and environmentally sound system can guarantee operational continuity by reducing environmental (e.g., tailings dam failure, acidic water formation) and financial concerns over the mine’s life. Finally, paste technology enables mining operators to better manage their problematic tailings produced in the mineral processing plants.

Keywords:

Tailings, Sustainability, Paste technology, Mining industry,

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