Söylem Analizi Kuramını Zorunlu Göç Yönetimine Uyarlamak

Bu makale, komşu ülkelerden çatışmalar sebebiyle göçe zorlanmış mültecilerle karşı karşıya kalan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin siyasi tepkileri ile ilgilidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin sınırlı sığınma rejiminin ve göçmenliğe yönelik caydırıcı Türk kamu felsefesinin, siyasi otoriteleri, zorunlu göçün etkilerini yönetmek noktasında kurumsallaşmış araçlardan ziyade söylemsel araçlar kullanmaya zorladığı konusunda genel bir tartışma yürütülmektedir. Zorunlu göçlerin artması ve komşu ülkelerden mültecilerin ülkeye akın etmesi üzerine Türk siyasi makamları, anlatılara dayanan seçici politika çözümleri takip etmiştir. Bu anlatılar, stratejik söylemler yoluyla zorunlu göçe yönelik siyasi çözümlerde Suriyelileri “kabul edilebilir mülteci” olarak açık bir şekilde iliştirmiştir. Bu durumda kabul edilebilir mülteci, kendi tarihi bakımından Türkiye için tarihî ve sosyal sorumlulukları ifade eden mültecidir. Bunun sonucu ise kurumsallaşmış mültecilik haklarını herkes için genişletmek yerine bazılarının kabul edilebilir olarak söylemsel inşası olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye • Zorunlu göç • Suriyeliler • Söylem yönetimi • AKP

Applying the Theory of Discursive Analysis to Governance of Forced Migration

This article deals with the political responses of the Turkish Republic when faced with incursions of refugees from its neighboring countries forced to migrate due to conflicts. It develops a general argument that the restrictive Turkish asylum regime and aversive Turkish public philosophy to immigration have enforced political authorities to continuously resort to discursive rather than institutionalized means to handle impacts of forced migration. Responding to increasing cases of forced migration and the resulting influx of refugees from the bordering countries, therefore, the Turkish political authorities have pursued selective policy responses resting on narratives. Via strategic discourses, these narratives have expressively embedded the Syrian as an “acceptable refugee” in political responses to forced migration. The acceptable refugee in this instance is the one that implies historical and social responsibilities for Turkey, given its history. The outcome is the discursive construction of some as acceptable rather than extending institutionalized refugee rights for all.

Keywords:

Turkey • Forced migration • Syrians • Discursive governance • AKP,

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