Vajinal Doğum Yapan Kadınların Gebelikte ve Doğumda Kullandıkları Tamamlayıcı, Geleneksel ve Manevi Uygulamalar

Amaç: Bu çalışma, vajinal doğum yapan kadınların gebelik ve doğum anında uyguladıkları tamamlayıcı ve geleneksel-manevi uygulamaları belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, Ocak-Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında vajinal doğum yapan 112 kadın ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma verileri, katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri ve tamamlayıcı uygulamalara ilişkin form kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı, yüzde testleri ve Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edildi.Bulgular: Araştırmaya göre kadınların yaş ortalaması 28.44±5, %56.3’ünün doğumu hekim tarafından gerçekleştirilmiş, %35.7’si doğuma hazırlık eğitimi almamıştır. Kadınların %74.1’i gebelik sürecince, %47.3’ü ise doğumda Tamamlayıcı Alternatif Tedavi (TAT) yöntemlerini kullandığını belirtmiştir. Gebelikte en sık dua/manevi uygulamalar (% 96.4), müzik (%73.5), hayal kurma (%69.9), farklı besinler (%65.1) kullanmıştır. Doğumda ise en çok nefes egzersizi (%94.3) dua/manevi uygulamalar (% 90.5), gevşeme/meditasyon (%37.7) yöntemlerini kullanmışlardır. Doğum eylemi sırasında bitkisel ürün kullananların hepsi Fatma Ana Eli otunun içine konduğu sudan içmiştir. Kadınların %46.4’ü (TAT) uygulamasını doğumda nasıl kullanması gerektiğini bilmediğini, %25.9’u doğum ağrısı nedeni ile kullanamadığını, % 17.8’i doğum sırasında aklına gelmediğini, %5.3’ü doğumhane personelinin izin vermediğini, %4.5’i sağlık personelinin olumsuz tavrı nedeni ile kullanamadığını belirtmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda kadınların büyük çoğunluğu gebelik süresince alternatif yöntem kullandığını belirtse de doğumda bu oran düşmektedir. Kadınların gebelikte ve doğum anında otonomilerinin arttırılması için TAT yöntemleri konusunda bilgi gereksinimlerinin giderilerek bu konuda güçlendirilmeye ihtiyaçları vardır. Ayrıca sağlık profesyonellerinin de TAT yöntemleri konusunda farkındalıklarının arttırılması çalışmalarına ve bu TAT yöntemlerinin kullanılabilmesi için klinik protokollerin hazırlanmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

gebelik, doğum, tamamlayıcı alternatif tıp

Complementary, Traditional and Spiritual Practices Used by Women in Pregnancy and Delivery

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the complementary and traditional-spiritual practices applied by women during pregnancy and childbirth who gave birth vaginally. .Method: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 112 women who had a vaginal delivery between January and April 2019. Study data were collected using the form of participants' sociodemographic characteristics and complementary practices. Data were analyzed using descriptive percentage tests and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software.Results: According to the study, the mean age of women who had vaginal delivery was 28.44±5 years, 56.3% of them were delivered by a physician, and 35.7% of them did not receive childbirth preparation training. 74.1% of the women stated that they used CAM methods during pregnancy and 47.3% of them during delivery. Prayer/spiritual practices (96.4%), music (73.5%), daydreaming (69.9%) and different foods (65.1%) were used most frequently during pregnancy. Breathing exercises (94.3%) and prayer/spiritual practices (90.5%) and relaxation/meditation (37.7%) were the most used methods at birth. All of those who used herbal products during labor drank the water in which the herb of Ana Fatma Eli was put. 46.4% of the women did not know how to use the Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) application during childbirth, 25.9% could not use it due to labor pain, 17.8% did not think about it during delivery, 5.3% did not allow the delivery room staff, 4.5% did not use it because of the negative attitude of the health personnel. Conclusion: Although the majority of women in our study stated that they used alternative methods during pregnancy, this rate decreases at delivery. In order to increase the autonomy of women during pregnancy and delivery, their information needs about CAM methods need to be met and they need to be strengthened in this regard. In addition, studies to increase the awareness of health professionals about CAM methods and the preparation of clinical protocols for the use of these CAM methods are needed.

Keywords:

pregnancy, childbirth, complementary alternative medicine,

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