Senay BALCI, Zeynep POYRAZ, Cemil GÜLÜM, Gönül ASLAN, Lülüfer TAMER, Mehmet Burak ÇİMEN

Erken evre COVİD-19 hastalarında biyokimyasal parametrelerin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: COVİD- 19 ilk kez Wuhan’da bir hastada izole edilen ve tanımlanan Şiddetli Akut Solunum Sendromu Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virüs enfeksiyonun sonucudur. Viral patogenez henüz tam olarak bilinmiyor olmakla birlikte, viral enfeksiyonun hava yolu epitel hücrelerine ve alveoler hücrelere sitopatik olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca SARS-COV’a benzer şekilde immün aracılı hasar da COVİD- 19’un patogenezinde kritik rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Çoğu hastada hastalık hafif–orta düzeyde semptomlarla seyreder. En sık bulgular; ateş, kuru öksürük, kırgınlık, baş ağrısı, boğaz ağrısı ve miyaljiyi içeren üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulgularıdır. Hastaların %20’si ağır akciğer hasarı bulguları gösterir. COVİD- 19’da tanıda Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR), serolojik inceleme, görüntüleme metodları ve rutin laboratuvar tetkikleri kullanılır. COVİD-19 tanısına yönelik laboratuvar parametrelerinin belirlenmesinin şüpheli vakaların tanınması, erken izolasyonu ve erken tedavisine yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, hasta ve sağlıklı kontrol gruplarında tam kan sayımı ve biyokimyasal parametreler değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya COVİD-19 polikliniğine erken evre şikayetlerle başvuran, PCR testi pozitif olan 50 hasta ve 50 sağlıklı birey dahil edildi. Biyokimyasal parametreler retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. İstatistik analiz; SPSS Statistics (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY) yazılımının 17. sürülümü ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Lenfosit sayısı, monosit sayısı ve CRP parametreleri açısından hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı farklılık bulundu. Lenfosit sayısı hasta grubunda daha düşük seyrederken, monosit sayısı ve CRP düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz veriler doğrultusunda; hafif semptomlarla başvuran hastalarda özellikle lenfosit ve monosit sayısı, CRP değerlerinin tanı ve hastaların takibi açısından destek sağlayabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVİD-19, Lenfosit, Monosit, CRP, Biyokimyasal parametre, Laboratuvar, RT-PCR

Evaluation of biochemical parameters ın COVID-19 patients in early stage

Purpose: COVID-19 is the result of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus infection, which was first isolated and identified in a patient in Wuhan. Although viral pathogenesis is not yet fully known, viral infection is thought to be cytopathic to airway epithelial cells and alveolar cells. In addition, similar to SARS-COV, immune-mediated damage is thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In most patients, the disease progresses with mild to moderate symptoms. The most common findings; symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection including fever, dry cough, malaise, headache, sore throat and myalgia. 20% of the patients show signs of severe lung damage. In the diagnosis of COVID-19, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), serological examination, imaging methods and routine laboratory tests are used. It is thought that determination of laboratory parameters for the diagnosis of COVID-19 will help in the diagnosis, early isolation and early treatment of suspicious cases. Therefore, it was aimed to evaluate complete blood count and biochemical parameters in patient and healthy control groups. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients who applied to the COVID-19 outpatient clinic with early-stage complaints and had a positive PCR test and 50 healthy individuals were included in the study. Biochemical parameters were evaluated retrospectively. 17th edition of SPSS Statistics (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY) software was used for the statistical analysis. Results: A significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of lymphocyte count, monocyte count and CRP parameters. While the lymphocyte count was lower in the patient group, the monocyte count and CRP levels were found to be higher. Conclusion: In line with the data we have obtained; It is considered that especially lymphocyte and monocyte count, CRP values can provide support in terms of diagnosis and follow-up of patients presenting with mild symptoms.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, CRP, Biochemical parameter, Laboratory, RT-PCR,

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