Semanur SOYYİĞİT, Hüseyin TOPUZ, Halil ÖZEKİCİOĞLU

EKONOMİK KOMPLEKSİTE, İHRACAT VE SABİT SERMAYE YATIRIMLARININ KİŞİ BAŞINA DÜŞEN GELİR ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G-20 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Ülkelerin ihracat hacimlerinin büyüklüğünden ziyade, ihracatın kompozisyonunun önem kazandığı günümüz dünya ekonomisinde, ülkelerin ne denli sofistike ürünler ürettikleri ve ihraç ettikleri o ekonominin kompleksite derecesini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada G-20 topluluğundaki 18 ülke çerçevesinde; ekonomik kompleksite indeksi, ihracat ve sabit sermaye yatırımı değişkenlerinin kişi başına düşen gelir üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Analiz sonuçları Brezilya, Çin, Almanya, Endonezya, Japonya, Meksika, Güney Kore, Türkiye ve ABD için ekonomik kompleksite indeksinin kişi başına düşen gelir üzerinde pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu bir ilişki ortaya koyarken; Arjantin, Avustralya, Kanada, Suudi Arabistan ve Birleşik Krallık için negatif etkiye sahip bir ilişki ortaya koymaktadır. Brezilya hammadde ve ara mal niteliğindeki birincil ürünlerde ihracat payı artarken mamul ürünlerde ihracat payı azalan, buna karşılık ekonomik kompleksite düzeyi ile kişi başına düşen gelir arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişki elde edilen ve böylece diğer ülkelerden ayrışan tek ülke olma özelliği taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kişi başı GSYH, Ekonomik kompleksite, Yapısal dönüşüm, İhracat sofistikasyonu

THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY, EXPORT AND FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENTS ON INCOME PER CAPITA: THE CASE OF G-20 COUNTRIES

In today's world economy, where the composition of exports has gained importance rather than the size of export volumes of countries, how sophisticated products a country produces and exports indicates the complexity level of that country. In this study, the effects of economic complexity index, export and gross fixed capital formation variables on per capita income are analyzed for 18 countries in the G-20 community. The findings of the study reveals positive impact of economic complexity index on per capita income for Brazil, China, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Turkey and the US while revealing negative impact for Argentina, Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. Brazil is the only country differentiates from the other countries in the sense of having the increasing export share of primary products (raw materials and intermediate goods) while having decreasing export share of manufactured products and also in the sense of having positive significant relationship between the economic complexity level and per capita income.

Keywords:

GDP per capita, Economic complexity, Structural transformation, Export sophistication,

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