Karayolu Projelerinde İnsansız Hava Aracı ile Üretilen Sayısal Arazi Modelinin Değerlendirilmesi: Bucak-Kocaaliler Yolu Örneği

Yüksek doğruluk ve hassasiyette sayısal arazi modeli üretmek, karayolu projelerinde yatay ve düşey güzergâhın sağlıklı şekilde belirlenmesi ve toprak işi miktarının hesaplanması için önemlidir. Nispeten ucuzlayan ve farklı yeteneklerden oluşan ölçme ekipmanlarını taşıyabilen insansız hava araçları (İHA), özelikle çalışma koşullarının zor olduğu topografik olarak dalgalı ve dağlık arazilerde sayısal arazi modelinin üretiminde kullanılabilecek çok etkili fotogrametrik sistemlerdir. Literatürde, karayolu mühendisliğinde insansız hava araçlarının performansını değerlendiren az sayıda çalışma olduğu için İHA sistemleri uygulama projelerinde test edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, GNSS-IMU destekli bir İHA ve yersel yöntem kullanılarak 1500 metrelik karayolu koridorunun sayısal arazi modeli üretilmiştir. Test karayolu koridorunda yatay ve düşey güzergâh çalışması yapılmış, en kesitler ve profiller alınmış ve toprak işi miktarları hesaplanmıştır. İki yöntemden elde edilen sayısal arazi modelleri genellikle örtüşmektedir. İki yöntem arasında toprak işi miktarının hesabında toplam yarma miktarında %11, dolgu miktarında %1 fark belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, İHA fotogrametrisinin fotogrametrik ölçümlere engel bir detay içermeyen dalgalı ve dağlık arazi yapılı karayolu koridorlarında sayısal arazi modelinin üretiminde ve toprak işi miktarının belirlenmesinde oldukça etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İnsansız Hava Aracı, Fotogrametri, Sayısal Arazi Modeli, Karayolu Projesi, Toprak İşi Miktarı

Evaluation of Digital Terrain Model Obtained with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Roadway Projects: Bucak-Kocaaliler Roadway Example

Obtaining the digital terrain model with high accuracy and precision is crucial for healthily determining the horizontal and vertical route and calculating earthwork amount in highway projects. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are relatively inexpensive and capable of carrying different measuring capabilities, are very effective photogrammetric systems that can be used in the production of digital terrain models, especially in the topographically undulating and mountainous terrain where working conditions are difficult. In the literature, there are few studies evaluating the performance of unmanned aerial vehicles in roadway engineering, so the UAV systems should be tested on the implementation projects. In this study, digital terrain model of 1500-meter roadway corridor was produced by using an UAV supported by GNSS-IMU and a terrestrial method. In the test roadway corridor, horizontal and vertical route works were done, cross sections and profiles were taken and the amounts of earthwork were calculated. The digital terrain models obtained from the two methods are overlapped in general. In the calculation of the earthwork amount between the two methods, 11% difference for the total cutting amount, and 1% difference for the filling amount were determined. The results show that the UAV photogrammetry is very effective in the production of the digital terrain model and in the determination of earthwork amount in roadway corridors which have undulating and mountainous terrain and have no objects that prevent photogrammetric surveys.

Keywords:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Photogrammetry, Digital Terrain Model, Roadway Project, Earthwork Amount,

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