Report
-
Bilateral Nevoid Hyperkeratosis of the Nipple and/or Areola: A Case Report
AbstractNevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola (NHNA) is a rare condition, in which the skin of the nipple and/or areola becomes diffusely thickened, hyperpigmented, and covered with filiform or papular warty excrescences. Although it affects both men and woman, approximately 80% of cases ocur in women. Pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed but mainly unsubstantiated. Moreover, specific treatment guidelines do not exist partly because of the unknown pathogenesis of this disorder. We report a female patient with this rare condition. Key Words: Bilateral nevoid hyperkeratosis, nipple, areola
___
- Levy-Frankel A. Les hyperkeratoses de l’areola et du mamelon. Paris Med. 1938;28:63-6.
- Toros P, Onder M, Gurer M. Bilateral nipple hyperkeratosis treated successfully with topical isotretinoin. Aust J Dermatol. 1999;40(4):220-2.
- Revert A, Bañuls J, Montesinos E, Jorda E, Ramon D, Torres V. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of areola. Int J Dermatol. 1993;32(10):745-6.
- Kubota Y, Koga T, Nakayama J, Kiryu H. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in a man. Br J Dermatol. 2000;142(2):370-93.
- Vestey J, Bunney M. Unilateral hyperkeratosis of nipple: The response to cryotherapy. Arch Dermatol. 1986;122(12):1360-1.
- Mold DE, Jegasothy BV. Estrogen induced hyperkeratosis of the nipple. Cutis. 1980;26(1):95-6.
- Krishnan RS, Angel TA, Roark TR, Hsu S. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and/or areola: A report of two cases and a review of the literature. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(11):775-7.
- Mitxelena J, Raton J, Bilbao I, Diaz-Perez J. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola in men: response to cryotherapy. Dermatol. 1999;199(1):73-4.
- Kuhlman DS, Hodge SJ, Owen LG. Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;13(4):596-8.
- English J 3rd, Coots NV. A man with nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola. Cutis. 1996;57(5):354-6.
- Alpsoy E, Yılmaz E, Aykol A. Hyperkeratosis of the nipple: report of two cases. J Dermatol. 1997;24(1):43-5.
- Bayramgurler D, Bilen N, Apaydin R, Ercin C. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola: Treatment of two patient with topical calcipotriol. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;46(1):131-3.
- Ortonne JP, el Baze P, Juhlin L. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola: Ineffectiveness of etretinate treatment. Acta Dermatol Venereol. 1986;66(2):175-7.
- Ozyazgan I, Kontas O, Ferahbas A. Treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola using radiofrequency surgical unit. Dermatol Surg. 2005;31(6):703-5.
- Mehregan AH, Rahbari H. Hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola. Arch Dermatol. 1977;113(12):1691-2.