COVID19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Çocuklar: Derleme

ÖZET:Corona virüsler tarih boyunca çeşitli zamanlarda salgınlara yol açmışlardır. Genellikle Corona virüslerin yol açtığı enfeksiyon sağlıklı çocuklarda asemptomatik seyreder ve nadiren morbidite ve mortaliteye neden olur. Buna rağmen yaşlılarda, altta yatan hastalığı olan erişkin ve çocuklarda ağır bir klinik tablo ile seyredebilir. 2019 yılının aralık ayında Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nde başlayan son Corona virüs salgını hızla tüm dünyaya yayılarak pandemiye dönüşmüştür. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından COVİD-19 olarak isimlendirilen bu salgın tüm dünyada ekonomik ve sosyal kayıplara neden olmuş ve dünya çapında 21 Haziran’a kadar 450,000’den fazla can kaybına yol açmıştır. Spesifik antiviral tedavisi ve koruyucu aşısı henüz bulunamayan COVID-19 halen dünyayı tehdit eden en önemli sağlık sorunudur.Anahtar Sözcükler: Corona virüs, Pandemi, Pediyatri, Çocuk ABSTRACT:Corona viruses have led to outbreaks at various times throughout history. Generally, infection caused by Corona viruses progresses asymptomatically in healthy children and rarely causes morbidity and mortality. Despite this fact, the infection may cause a severe clinical picture in the elderly and adults and children with predisposing underlying disease. The novel Corona virus outbreak, which started in China in December 2019, has rapidly spread all over the world and turned into a pandemic. This pandemic, named as COVID-19 by WHO (World Health Organisation), caused economic and social losses all over the world and caused more than 450,000 deaths worldwide up to 21 June. COVID-19, whose specific antiviral therapy and preventive vaccine is not yet available, is still the most serious health problem in the world.Keywords: Coronaviruses, Pandemic, Pediatrics, Children

Keywords:

COVID-19, Pandemi, Pediyatri Çocuk,

PDF

___

Kaynaklar: 1. Drosten C, Günther S, Preiser W, et al. Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1967–1976. 2. de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric RS, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS- CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group. J Virol. 2013;87:7790–7792. 3. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:727–733. 4. Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395:514–523. 5. Stoecklin BS, Rolland P, Silue Y, et al. Investigation Team. First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance, investigations, and control measures, January 2020. Euro Surveill 2020 Feb;25(6):2000094. 6. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200622-covid-19-sitrep-154 7. https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/ 8. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi (Bilim Kurulu Çalışması). T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Nisan 2020 9. Bai Y, Yao L, Wei T, et al. Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19. JAMA. 2020 Feb 21;323(14):1406-1407. 10. Karimi-Zarchi M., Neamatzadeh H., Dastgheib S., et al. Vertical Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) from Infected Pregnant Mothers to Neonates: A Review, Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2020 Jun;39(3):246-250. 11. Liu Y, Yan L-M, Wan L, Xiang T-X, Le A, Liu J-M, et al. Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19. The Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Jun;20(6):656-657. 12. Niehues T, Neubert J. (2020). Pediatrics. in Eds: Kamps BS, Hoffman C. COVID Reference. Third edition. Hamburg. 2020. pp: 197-218. 13. Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China. Pediatrics. 2020;145(6):e20200702 14. Wu Y, Xu X, Chen Z, et al. Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain Behav Immun. 2020 Mar 30;87:18-22. 15. de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandao MB. Clinical Manifestations of Children with COVID-19: a Systematic Review Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020 Jun 3;10.1002/ppul.24885. 16. Koçak G., Ergül Y., Nişli K., Tutar E., Tokel NK., Hatemi AC. Ve ark. COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Çocuk Kalp Sağlığı Hizmetlerinin Yürütülmesi Ve İnfekte Çocukların Kardiyak Yönden Değerlendirilmesi.https://turkpedkar.org.tr/tr/covid-19-ve-cocuk-kalp-sagligi-rehberi/ 17. Liang W, Feng Z, Rao S, et al. Diarrhoea may be underestimated: a missing link in 2019 novel coronavirus. Gut. 2020 Jun;69(6):1141-1143. 18. M Hedou, F Carsuzaa, E Chary, E Hainaut, F Cazenave-Roblot, M Masson Regnault. Comment on "Cutaneous Manifestations in COVID-19: A First Perspective " by Recalcati S. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020 Apr 21;10.1111/jdv.16519. 19. Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19. An Overview of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Options in Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020;39:355–368. 20. Duan YN, Zhu YQ, Tang LL, Qin J. CT features of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in children. Eur Radiol. 2020 Apr 14;1-7. 21. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected.WHO reference number: WHO/2019-nCoV/clinical/2020.4 22. Gautret P, LagierJC, ParolaP,etal. Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin as a Treatment of COVID-19: Results of an Open-Label Non-Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 Mar 20;105949. 23. Cramer CL, Patterson A, Alchakaki A, Soubani AO. Immunomodulatory indications of azithromycin in respiratory disease: a concise review for the clinician. Postgrad Med. 2017;129(5):493–499. 24. Du YX, Chen XP. Favipiravir: Pharmacokinetics and Concerns About Clinical Trials for 2019-nCoV Infection. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020;10.1002/cpt.1844. 25. McCreary EK, Pogue JM. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Treatment: A Review of Early and Emerging Options. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 23;7(4):ofaa105. 26. Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, et al. A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 7;382(19):1787-1799. 27. Fu B, Xu X, Wei H. Why tocilizumab could be an effective treatment for severe COVID-19?. J Transl Med. 2020;18(1):164. 28. Cheng Y., Wong R., Soo Y.O., Wong W.S., Lee C.K., Ng M.H. Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005;24(1):44–46. 29. Shen, K., Yang, Y., Wang, T. et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement. World J Pediatr. 2020 Feb 7;1-9.