Aybars KIVRAK, İbrahim ULUSOY, Mehmet YILMAZ

Ankle Bone Anatomy in Turkish Population: A Radiological Study

Aim: While numerous geographic locations have been examined in the literature regarding the morphological characteristics of ankle bones, no studies have been conducted specifically in Turkey. Our study aims to assess the morphological features of ankle bones in individuals residing in Turkey, utilizing ankle computed tomography (CT) images obtained from patients. Material and Methods: In our single-centre study, the data between 2018 and 2022 were scanned. The criteria for inclusion in the study were determined as being a citizen of the Republic of Turkey, being over the age of 18, and being under the age of 65. Results: 200 patients (100 men, 100 women) and 200 ankle CT images were selected by stratified sampling using the computer-assisted randomisation method. APA, APG, MalW, MDA, MDV, MTiTh, SRTa, SRTi, TaAL, TaW, TiAL, Th, and TiW values were measured on computed tomography images. Conclusions: The morphological structure of the ankle bone varies from society to society and according to gender. These factors should be considered in implant design (especially in prosthetic design) and the application of these implants. Our study will guide the design of ankle implants (especially prostheses) for communities living in Turkey.

Keywords:

Ankle morphology, total ankle prosthesis, ankle morphometry,

PDF

___

1. Barg A, Harris MD, Henninger HB, et al. Medial distal tibial angle: Comparison between weightbearing mortise view and hindfoot alignment view. Foot Ankle Int. 2012;33:655-61.
2. Choi WJ, Kim BS, Lee JW. Preoperative planning and surgical technique: How do i balance my ankle?. Foot Ankle Int. 2012;33:244-9.
3. Barg A, Amendola RL, Henninger HB, et al. Influence of ankle position and radiographic projection angle on measurement of supramalleolar alignment on the anteroposterior and hindfoot alignment views. Foot Ankle Int. 2015;36:1352-61.
4. Valderrabano V, Horisberger M, Russell I, et al. Etiology of ankle osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467:1800-6.
5. Berlet GC, Penner MJ, Lancianese S, et al. Total ankle arthroplasty accuracy and reproducibility using preoperative ct scan-derived, patient-specific guides. Foot Ankle Int. 2014;35:665-76.
6. Datir A, Xing M, Kakarala A, et al. Radiographic evaluation of inbone total ankle arthroplasty: A retrospective analysis of 30 cases. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42:1693-701.
7. Kellgren JH, Lawrence J. Radiological assessment of osteo-arthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1957;16:494-502.
8. Kwon DG, Sung KH, Chung CY, et al. Preliminary findings of morphometric analysis of ankle joint in Korean population. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2014;53:3-7.
9. Kuo CC, Lu HL, Leardini A, et al. Three-dimensional computer graphics-based ankle morphometry with computerized tomography for total ankle replacement design and positioning. Clin Anat. 2014;27:659-68.
10. Fessy M, Carret J, Bejui J. Morphometry of the talocrural joint. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 1997;19:299-302.
11. Hayes A, Tochigi Y, Saltzman CL. Ankle morphometry on 3D-CT images. Iowa Orthop J. 2006;26:1-4.
12. Zacharia B, Fawas KM. A comparative radiographic morphometric analysis to assess the normal radiological morphology of the adult hip in indian population. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2021;15:117-24.
13. Hongyu C, Haowen X, Xiepeng Z, et al. Three-dimensional morphological analysis and clinical application of ankle joint in chinese population based on ct reconstruction. Surg Radiol Anat. 2020;42:1175-82.
14. Cochran G, Renninger C, Tompane T, et al. Primary arthrodesis versus open reduction and internal fixation for low-energy lisfranc injuries in a young athletic population. Foot Ankle Int. 2017;38:957-63.
15. Stagni R, Leardini A, Catani F, Cappello A. A new semi-automated measurement technique based on x-ray pictures for ankle morphometry. J Biomech. 2004;37:1113-8.
16. McGarvey WC, Clanton TO, Lunz D. Malleolar fracture after total ankle arthroplasty: A comparison of two designs. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;424:104-10.
17. Bentley G. Instability of the ankle. European Instructional Lectures: Volume 15, 2015, 16th EFORT Congress, Prague, Czech Republic