Prevalence of Pneumatized Articular Eminence of the Temporal Bone and Its Importance in Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: Pneumatization is the presence of air filled cavities in a bone. They are seen in the root of the zygomatic arch of the temporal bone and in the articular eminence. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and type of pneumatized articular eminence of the temporal bone (PAT) among the patients of the dental clinic and to explain its importance in maxillofacial surgery. MaterialsandMethods:Analysis of 8400 panoramic radiographs was performed. Age and sex of all the patients were recorded. Results: PAT was discovered in 334 patients, accounting for prevalence of 3.9%. For these 334 patients, 138 (41.3%) were male and 196 (58.7%) were female. Two hundred ninety (65.6%) occurred unilaterally and 115 (34.4%) bilaterally. Two hundred fifty one (55.9%) of PAT presented with multilocular type, 182 (40.5%) with unilocular type, and 16 (3.5%) with trabecular appearance. In 194 (58%) cases, PAT was located between the deepest point of the glenoid fossa to the crest of the articular eminence (grade 2), and in 140 (42%) cases, PAT extended beyond the crest of the articular eminence (grade 3). PATs were found more common in females in the third decade of life. Conclusion: Due to the fragile nature of these defect, surgeons who are planning to carry out temporomandibular joint surgery should be extra cautious when dealing with pneumatized articular eminence especially in third decade female people in population.

Temporal Kemikte Pnömatize Artiküler Eminens Prevelansı ve Maksillofasiyal Cerrahideki Önemi

Amaç: Pnömatizasyon, bir kemikte hava dolu kavitelerin varlığıdır. Temporal kemikte, zigomatik ark kökü ve artiküler eminenste görülebilirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı diş kliniği hastaları içinde temporal kemikte pnömatize artiküler eminens (PAT) prevalansını ve tiplerini saptamak ve maksillofasiyal cerrahideki önemini vurgulamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sekiz bin dört yüz panoramik radyografinin analizi yapıldı. Tüm hastaların yaş ve cinsiyetleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Üç yüz otuz dört hastada PAT görüldü ve prevalansı %3,9 olarak hesaplandı. Bu 334 hastanın 138’i (%41,3) erkek, 196’sı (%58,7) kadındı. İki yüz dokuz PAT (%62,5) tek taraflı, 115 (%37,5) bilateraldi. Multiloküler tip 251 (%57,1), uniloküler tip 172 (%39,1) ve trabeküler tip olarak 16 (%3,6) PAT mevcuttu. Yüz doksan dört (%58,0) PAT olgusu glenoid fossanın en derin noktası ile artiküler eminens arasında (2. derece) ve 140 (%42) tanesi artiküler eminens krestasını aşmış durumdaydı (3. derece). Yaşamın üçüncü dekatındaki kadınlarda PAT daha yaygın olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Bu defektlerin kırılgan doğası nedeniyle, temporomandibular eklem cerrahisi yapmayı planlayan cerrahlar özellikle popülasyon içinde üçüncü dekattaki kadınlarda daha dikkatli olmalıdırlar.

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