Ortodontik Diş Hareketini Etkileyen Endojen ve Eksojen Maddeler

Ortodontik diş hareketi kontrollü mekanik kuvvetlerin sürekli uygulanması sonucu gerçekleşmektedir. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar mekanik kuvvetlerin yanı sıra, sistemik veya lokal ilaç uygulamaları ile diyet takviyelerinin etkileri üzerine odaklanmıştır. Ortodontik diş hareketini etkileyen bu maddeler paratiroid hormon, tiroid hormonları, eikozanoidler, nonsteroid anti-enflamatuvar ilaçlar (NSAİ), parasetamol, kortikosteroidler, bifosfonatlar, kolesterol ilaçları, antikonvülsanlar, oral kontraseptifler, alkol ve nikotin, nitrik oksit ve fluoriddir. Bu medikal ajanların ortodontik diş hareketi hızı ve tedavi süresi üzerine önemli etkileri vardır. NSAİ diş hareketini azaltırken, parasetamolun herhangi bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Paratiroid ve tiroksin hormonları diş hareketini arttırmaktadır. Bifosfonatlar güçlü bir inhibe edici etkiye sahiptir. Vitamin D3 diş hareketini stimüle ederken, diyetle alınan kalsiyum ise azaltmaktadır. Ortodontik tedavi sırasında bu maddelerin tüketimi hakkında hastalar ile görüşülmesi önemlidir.

Endogenous and Exogenous Substances Influencing the Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Orthodontic tooth movement occurs as a result of prolonged application of controlled mechanical forces. Recent studies have focused on the effects of systemic or local applications of medications and the intake of dietary supplements as well as the mechanical forces. Factors affecting the orthodontic tooth movement are parathyroid hormone, thyroid hormones, estrogen, vitamin D3, eicosanoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol, corticosteroids, bisphosphonates, cholesterol drugs, anticonvulsants, oral contraceptives, alcohol and nicotine use, nitric oxide, and fluoride. These medications have an important effect on the rate of tooth movement and treatment time. NSAIDs decrease tooth movement, but paracetamol has no effect. Parathyroid and thyroxin hormones increase tooth movement. Bisphosphonates have a strong inhibitory effect. Vitamin D3 stimulates tooth movement and dietary calcium seems to reduce it. It is important to discuss with patients about the consumption of these substances during orthodontic treatment.

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