Asthma and Its Impacts on Oral Health

Astım, hava yollarının aşırı duyarlılığı ve hava yollarının geri dönüşümlü tıkanmasıyla karakterize, kronik enflamatuvar bir hastalıktır. Genetik ve çevresel faktörler astım etiyolojisinde rol oynayabilir. Dünyada yaklaşık 300 milyon insan astım tanısı almıştır ve 2025 yılına kadar 100 milyon yeni tanı olması beklenmektedir. Ülkemizde yapılan çalışmalarda astım prevalansının %1,5 ile % 9,4 aralığında olduğu saptanmıştır. Literatürde dünyada ve ülkemizde artma eğiliminde olan astımın tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların ağız ve diş sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen çok sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bununla beraber, bu ilaçların ağız diş sağlığına etkileri konusunda fikir birliği yoktur. Astım ilaçları ve ağız diş sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmak ve gerekli önlemleri almak ağız diş sağlığını korumak için önemlidir. Bu derlemede, astım ilaçlarını ağız diş sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesine ek olarak alınabilecek önlemler de değerlendirilmiştir.

Astım ve Ağız Diş Sağlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible airflow obstruction. Genetic factors and environmental factors may play a role in the etiology of asthma. An approximately 300 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with asthma and there may be an additional 100 million diagnosis by 2025. Studies conducted in Turkey reported a prevalence between 1.5% and 9.4%. In the literature, there are many studies investigating the impacts of the medications used for asthma, which has a tendency to increase in our country and in the world, on oral health. However, no consensus has yet been established regarding whether these medications affect oral health. It is important to have knowledge about the impacts of asthma medications on oral and dental health and to take the necessary precautions in order to maintain oral and dental health. In this review, in addition to investigation of the impact of asthma medications on oral health, possible measures that can be taken were also evaluated.

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