Kozmetik Ürünlerin Fototoksik Etkileri: Mekanizması ve Alternatif Test Metotları

Güneş ışığı ve fotoreaktif ksenobiyotiklere maruz kalan deride, normal olmayan deri reaksiyonları görülebilir. Fototoksisite, fotoreaktif kimyasal maddeler ve ışığa derinin aynı anda maruz kalması sonucu oluşan yanıtı olarak tanımlanır. Eritem, ödem, deri irritasyonu, kaşıntı gibi çeşitli belirtiler ile kendini gösterir. Bazı organik kimyasal maddelerin moleküler yapılarının UV ışığı absorblayan özellikte olması, madde tarafından oluşturulacak fototoksisiteyi indükleyebilir. Bu yapıya sahip ilaç ve kozmetik ürünlerin sayısı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Kimyasal maddelerin fototoksik potansiyellerini belirlemek için çeşitli test yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Özellikle 3R kuralının kabul görmesinden sonra kimyasal maddelerin ve kozmetik ürünlerin potansiyel toksik etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi için, in vivo modellerin yerine birçok alternatif in vitro yöntem geliştirilmiş, valide edilmiş ve düzenleyici kuruluşlar tarafından kabul edilmiştir. 11 Mart 2013 tarihinde Avrupa Birliği’nde hayvanlar üzerinde test edilen her tür kozmetik ve kişisel bakım ürününün satışının yasaklanması ile birlikte kozmetik ürünlerin güvenlilik değerlendirmelerinde alternatif In vitro toksisite testleri kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Fototoksisite testleri de dahil bu alternatif testler birçok toksisite çalışması için uygundur. Bu derlemede fototoksisitenin mekanizması ile bu toksik etkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kullanılan alternatif test yöntemleri değerlendirilecektir.

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Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal-Cover
  • ISSN: 1309-0801
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1985
  • Yayıncı: Marmara Üniversitesi
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