Özgür BAŞARAN, Pınar SAVAŞ, Ersin USKUN, Ceren ERTÜRK

Health beliefs, behaviour and determining factors in breast self – examination among a group of university students

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in both Turkey and the World. Breast self-examination (BSE) is the cheapest and the easiest method for early detection. According to Turkey’s Ministry of Health, 65.1 percent of women have never performed BSE. Only 10.1 percent of women perform BSE monthly. The purpose of this study was to examine health beliefs, behaviour and determining factors in BSE among a group of university students.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out with 15,940 female university students in 2016. Sample size was 912. The research data was collected using a self-report questionnaire form and the adapted Turkish version of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS).Results: Ten point four percent of students (n=91) reported that they performed BSE monthly. Monthly BSE rates were higher in the students who were educated about BSE, who knew BSE timing and technique, who had been performed clinical breast examination and whose confidence subscale of CHBMS was higher.Conclusion: In conclusion, health education programs should include BSE education in high schools and universities. Also, these education programs should include all women and relate to the confidence subscale of CHBMS.

PDF

___

[1] GLOBOCAN 2012: Estimated Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012. http://globocan.iarc.fr/ Pages/fact_sheets_population.aspx. Accessed on 01.09.2016.
[2] Şencan İ, İnce GN. Türkiye Kanser İstatistikleri. Ankara: T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı; 2016.
[3] İstanbul İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü Kendi Kendine Meme Muayenesi Tanıtım Broşürü. http://www.istanbulsaglik.gov.tr/w/sb/egt/ pdf/kkmm_brosur.pdf. Accessed on 01.09.2016.
[4] Başara BB, Güler C, Yentür GK. Sağlık İstatistikleri Yıllığı 2014. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık: 2015.
[5] Champion VL. Revised susceptibility, benefits, and barriers scale for mammography screening. Res Nurs Health 1999;22:341-8.
[6] Karayurt O, Dramalı A. Adaptation of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale for Turkish women and evaluation of the selected variables associated with breast self-examination. Cancer Nurs 2007;30:69-77.
[7] Kaşko Y. Çoklu bağlantı durumunda ikili (binary) lojistik regresyon modelinde gerçekleşen I. tip hata ve testin gücü. (The observed type I error and power of logistic regression model under multicollinearity) [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Zootekni Ana Bilim Dalı: 2007.
[8] Rasin L, Sithokozile M, Işıl A. Breast cancer attitudes and beliefs among recent Islamic/Muslim refugee women in Canada. 30th International Nursing Research Congress: Theory-to-Practice: Catalyzing Collaborations to Connect Globally. Held 25-29 July 2019 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Poster Presentation.
[9] Aslan A, Temiz M, Yiğit Y, Can R, Canbolant E, Yiğit F. The knowledge attitude and behaviorus of nursery students about breast cancer. TAF Prev Med Bull 2007;6:193-8.
[10] Karayurt O, Dicle A, Malak AT. Effects of peer and group education on knowledge, beliefs and breast self-examination practice among university students in Turkey. Turk J Med Sci 2009;39:59-66. doi:10.3906/sag-0712-17
[11] Kılıç S, Uçar M, Seymen E, et al. Determination of the knowledge and practice level of breast self-examination among the nurses of the GATA hospital, the students of the GATA nursing school and some female patients. Gülhane Med J 2006;48:200-4.
[12] Uzun Ö, Karabulut N, Karaman Z. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kendi kendine meme muayenesi ile ilgili bilgi ve uygulamaları. Atatürk Universitesi Hemşirelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi 2004;7:33-41.
[13] Sapountzi-Krepia D, Rekleiti M, Lavdaniti M, et al. Evaluating female nursing students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding breast self-examination. Health Care Women Int 2017;38:786- 95. doi:10.1080/07399.332.2017.1326921
[14] Erbil N, Bölükbaş N. Beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of Turkish women about breast cancer and breast self-examination according to a Turkish version of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012;13:5823-8. doi:10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.11.5823
[15] Aker S, Öz H, Tunçel EK. Samsun’da yaşayan kadınların meme kanseri erken tanı yöntemleri ile ilgili uygulamaları ve bu uygulamaları etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. The J Breast Health 2015;11:115-22. doi:10.5152/tjbh.2015.2547
[16] Özkahraman Ş, Vural BK, Bayık A. Halk eğitim merkezi kursiyerlerinde kendi kendine meme muayene becerisi geliştirme. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2006;9(4):1-9.
[17] Tuyen DQ, Dung Tv, Dong HV, Kien TT, Huong TT. Breast self-examination: knowledge and practice among female textile workers in Vietnam. Cancer Control 2019;26: 107.327.4819862788. doi: 10.1177/107.327.4819862788
[18] Lee E H. Breast self-examination performance among Korean nurses. J Nurses in Staff Dev 2003;19:81-7.
[19] Aksoy YE, Turfan EÇ, Sert E, Mermer G. Meme kanseri erken tanı yöntemlerine ilişkin engeller. J Breast Health 2015;11:26- 30. doi:10.5152/tjbh.2014.2296
[20] Uncu F, Bilgin N. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışan ebe ve hemşirelerin meme kanseri erken tanı uygulamaları konusunda bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. J Breast Health. 2011;7:167-75. [21] Lavdaniti M. Perceptions and health beliefs of Greek nursing students about breast self-examination: A descriptive study. Int J Nurs Pract 2015;21:882-8. doi:10.1111/ijn.12323