With the introduction of vaginal sonography, the evaluation of the uterus and the ovaries has become very easy and quick. We undertook this prospective study to determine the value of transvaginal sonography in early detection of endometrial carcinoma, we compared the transvaginal and transabdominal sonograms in 60 patients from our outpatient clinic with abnormal uterine bleeding and we tried to find out the correlation between ultrasonographic findings and the pathology of he tissue obtained by endometrial sampling. The results show that transvaginal sonography is often superior to transabdominal scanning in the evaluation of endometrial abnormalities. Specially in the transvaginal evaluation of our postmenopausal group, taking a 5 mm cutoff limit for endometrial thickness, the PPV was 73,3%, the NPV 100% and the sensitivity 100%. These results are statistically significant and with this simple non-invasive technique, the early detection of endometrial hyperplasia and invasive carcinoma in the postmenopause is possible. However, we would like to emphasize that such a diagnostic accuracy is impossible for the patients in reproductive age.