Advances in the management of esophageal cancer

The management of clinical stage III and IVa esophagealcancer has evolved in the past 2 decades. Based on the Crosstrial, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, followed by surgicalresection has become standard. For medically inoperable,definitive chemoradiation is most commonly used. Thestandard radiation dose is 50.4 Gy although trials of doseescalationare ongoing. At the current time, there are nodefinitive biomarkers to predict response.Keywords: Esophageal cancer, Radiation therapy,Chemotherapy, Dose-escalation

___

  • 1. De-Ren S. Ten-year follow-up of esophageal cancer treated by radical radiation therapy : analysis of 869 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1989;16:329–34. doi:10.1016/0360-3016(89)90324-6 2. Newaishy GA, Read GA, Duncan W, Kerr GR. Results of radical radiotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Clin Radiol 1982;33:347–52. doi:10.1016/S0009-9260(82)80288-2 3. Okawa T, Kita M, Tanaka M, Ikeda M. Results of radiotherapy for inoperable locally advanced esophageal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1989;17:49–54. doi:10.1016/0360-3016(89)90369-6 4. Smyth E, Schoder H, Strong VE, Capanu M, Kelsen DP, Coit DG, et al. A prospective evaluation of the utility of 2-deoxy-2-18F Fluoro-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography and computed tomography in staging locally advanced gastric cancer. Cancer 2012;118:5481–8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27550 5. Kozak KR, Moody JS. The survival impact of the Intergroup 0116 trial on patients with gastric cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;72:517–21. doi:10.1016/j. ijrobp.2007.12.029 6. Shi X, Yao W, Liu T. Late course accelerated fractionation in radiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma. Radiother Oncol 1999;51:21–6. doi:10.1016/S0167- 8140(99)00017-1
  • 7. Moni J, Armstrong JG, Minsky BD, Bains MS, Harrison LB. High dose rate intraluminal brachytherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus. Dis Esoph 1996;9:123–7.
  • 8. Calais G, Dorval E, Louisot P, Bourlie P, Klein V, Chapet S, et al. Radiotherapy with high dose rate brachytherapy boost and concomitant chemotherapy for stages IIB and III esophageal carcinoma: results of a pilot study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997;38:769–75. doi:10.1016/ S0360-3016(97)00077-1
  • 9. Schraube P, Fritz P, Wannenmacher MF. Combined endoluminal and external irradiation of inoperable