Eleştirel Ekonomi Politik Perspektiften Devlet ve Medya İlişkisi

Bu makalede, eleştirel ekonomi politik bir çerçeveden, medya ve devlet/ hükümet ilişkileri analiz edilmiştir. İletişim endüstrisindeki üretim, dağıtım ve tüketim ilişkileri hiçbir zaman sadece pazar mekanizması içerisinde gerçekleşmez. Devlet ve hükümetler bu alana doğrudan düzenleyici güçler olarak müdahale ederler ve medya politikalarını belirlerler. Özellikle 1980’li yıllarda, neo-liberal ekonomi politikalarına geçişle birlikte, hükümetler medya politikalarını da kuralsızlaştırarak bu alanı büyük sermaye gruplarına açmıştır. Kamu mülkiyetine konu olan elektronik medya alanının sermayeye açılmasıyla birlikte medya sektörü daha önce görülmemiş şekilde büyümüştür. Politikacılar, sağlıklı bir kamusal alan yaratmak ve çoğulculuğu sağlamak söylemiyle meşrulaştırdıkları neoliberal politikalar çerçevesinde, şirket çıkarlarını koruyan yasal düzenlemeleri yaparak iletişim alanında sahiplik yapısının yoğunlaşmasına yol açmışlardır. Bu durum, iletişim sektörünün, birbirleriyle işbirliği yapan ekonomik yapılar ve siyasi iktidarlar tarafından kamunun aleyhine olacak şekilde nasıl sınırlandırıldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Hükümetler tarafından, büyük sermayenin çıkarına olan siyasi düzenlemelerle oluşan mülkiyet yoğunlaşması sonucunda, iletişimsel ürünlerin üretim, dağıtım ve tüketimi kısıtlanmakta, bu alandaki rekabet azalmakta, insanlara sunulan bilgi içeriği ve seçenekler azalırken eğlence ve tüketim odaklı bir yayıncılık anlayışı bu alana egemen olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Eleştirel ekonomi politik, medya, devlet, düzenleme, kuralsızlaştırma

The Relationship Between State and Media within the Perspective of Critical Political Economy

This article analyzes the media and state / government relations from a critical political economy perspective. The relations of production, distribution and consumption in the communication industry are never realized only in the market mechanism. States and governments intervene in this field as direct regulatory powers and define media policies. Especially in the 1980s, with the transition to neo-liberal economic policies, governments have deregulated the media policies and opened this area to large capital groups. The media sector, which was once the subject of public ownership, has grown in a private way that has never been seen before. Politicians, by creating a healthy public sphere and providing pluralism in the framework of the neoliberal policies legitimized by the discourse of protecting the interests of the company by making the legal structure of the ownership structure has led to intensification of communication structure. This reveals how the communication sector has been limited by the economic structures and political authorities that cooperate with each other. As a result of the concentration of property, the production, distribution and consumption of communicative products are limited, competition in this area decreases, while the information content and options offered to people are decreasing and a consumption and entertainment oriented broadcasting concept dominates this area.

Keywords:

Critical political economy, the media, the state, regulation, deregulation,

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