İhracata Dayalı Büyümede Kurumların Rolü: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Örneği

Çalışmanın amacı ihracat büyüme ilişkisinde kurumsal faktörlerin rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, 42 gelişmekte olan ve 33 gelişmiş ülke için 1985-2014 döneminde dinamik panel veri üzerinde sistem GMM tahmin yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgularda, öncelikle her iki ülke grubunda da ihracat ve iktisadi büyüme arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğu; bunun yanında ülkelerin kurumsal yapısındaki bir iyileşmenin söz konusu ilişkiyi daha da güçlendirdiği görülmüştür. Kurumsal alt bileşenler özelinde ise her iki ülke grubunda dinsel çatışmasızlığın diğer kurumsal değişkenlere kıyasla daha öncelikli olduğu; ayrıca gelişmekte olan ülkelerde hukuk ve düzen, gelişmiş ülkelerde ise sosyoekonomik koşullar alanındaki kurumsal düzenlemelerin etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

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