Türkiye'de Popüler Gazetelerde Sosyal Medya
Bu makale, iki popüler gazetenin analizi aracılığıyla, 2013-2021 yılları arasında sosyal medyanın gazetelerde nasıl temsil edildiği meselesine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırma örneklemindeki haberler, her bir haber okunurken kodlar geliştirmek için kullanılan MAXQDA yazılımı tarafından desteklenen nitel içerik analizi ile incelenmiştir. Makalede öncelikle sosyal medya ve haber ilişkisine dair literatür gözden geçirilmektedir. Daha sonra, metin analizinin bulguları, temalar ekseninde organize edilerek diyagramlarla aktarılmaktadır. Seçilen bazı örnekler, kullanılan görseller ve tercüme edilen manşetlere özellikle odaklanılarak tartışılmaktadır. Makale, Gezi protestolarında önemli bir harekete geçirici güç olan sosyal medyanın zaman içinde haberlerde kazandığı yeni anlamları ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak, 2013-2021 yılları arasında yayınlanan haberlerde temsil edilen temaların “olumsuz” ve “olumlu” olarak iki çerçeveye ayrılarak kategorize edilebilecekleri önerilmektedir. Buna göre, olumsuz çerçeve içinde sosyal medya dezenformasyon, zarar, suç, erişim problemleri temaları ile haberlerde yer alırken, olumlu çerçevede yeni uygulamalar, hizmetler, teknoloji, tanıtım ve iyi amaçlar için sosyal medyayı kampanyalarda kullanma temaları bulunmaktadır.
Makalede, gazetelerin bu temalar ekseninde içerik olarak ve kısa, yüzeysel, fazla araştırmaya dayanmayan haber tarzıyla biçimsel olarak, bağlamla uyumlu biçimde, öncelikle otoriterliği ve ticarileşmeyi nasıl güçlendirdiğini tartışmakta ve önerilerle sona ermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Sosyal medya, haberler, gazetecilik, Türkiye
Social Media in the Popular Turkish Newspapers
This article focuses on how social media is represented in newspapers by analyzing two popular Turkish newspapers in the last decade, from 2013 to 2021. The news was examined with qualitative content analysis supported by MAXQDA software which is used to generate codings from the text while reading each news item. The article first reviews the literature on social media and the news. Afterward, the findings of the textual analysis are shared with diagrams and in an organized way around the themes. Some chosen examples are discussed with a special focus on the visuals and the headlines which are translated. The article reveals that social media, starting as the mobilizing force during the Gezi protests, over the years, gained new meanings in the news. In conclusion, it is suggested to categorize the following represented themes from 2013 to 2021 under the two frames as negative and positive. While the first includes the themes of disinformation and harm, crime, and access problems, the positive frame consists of the themes of new apps, services and technology, publicity, and using social media campaigns for good causes.
The article argues how the newspapers, with the content of the news as these themes and with the form of the news with short, superficial, and under-investigated reporting as shown in the examples, in accordance with the context, amplify primarily authoritarianism and commercialism and ends with the suggestions.
Keywords:
Social media, the news, journalism, Turkey,
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- ISSN: 1301-7241
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 1998
- Yayıncı: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları
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