Renin-Anjiyotensin-Aldosteron Sistemine Etkili Tıbbi Bitkilerin Potansiyel Kullanımı

Renin-Anjiyotensin-Aldosteron sistemi (RAAS), kan basıncının, elektrolit dengesinin ve vasküler büyümenin düzenlenmesindeki önemi ile tanınmaktadır. RAAS’ın aşırı aktivasyonu koroner kalp hastalıkları, hipertansiyon, kronik böbrek yetmezliği, diyabet gibi morbidite ve mortalite oranları yüksek kronik hastalıkların gelişiminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu aktivasyon ile ortaya çıkan hastalıklar yine RAAS bileşenlerinin anjiyotensin reseptör blokerleri (ARB) başta olmak üzere çeşitli basamaklarda farmakolojik ajanlar ile inhibe edilmesi ile yapılmaktadır. Öte yandan halk tıbbında yüzyıllardır pek çok bitki türünün geleneksel olarak hastalıkları tedavi edici etkilerinden ötürü kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Günümüzde gelişen teknolojiler ile birlikte bitki türlerinin taşıdıkları fitobileşenlerin kimyasal yapıları aydınlatılmakta, biyolojik aktiviteleri ile ilişkileri anlaşılır hale gelmektedir. Hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan tıbbi bitki türlerinin incelenmesi yeni ilaç moleküllerinin keşfi ve geliştirilmesinde kilit rol oynayabilir. Bunun yanı sıra uygun şartlarda hazırlanmış standardize bitkisel preparatların hasta yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesi, kronik hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavilerinde destekleyici kullanımları farmakoekonomiye önemli faydalar sağlayabilir. Bu çalışma kronik hastalıkların gelişiminde kritik rol oynayan, RAAS aracılığı ile kardiyovasküler, solunum, endokrin ve üriner sistem üzerine etki ettikleri in vivo, in vitro ve klinik çalışmalar ile gösterilmiş 11 tıbbi bitki türü üzerinde yürütülen araştırma sonuçlarını derlemektedir. Seçilen bitki türleri Allium sp, Camelia sinensis, Nigella sativa, Olea europaea, Hibiscus sabdarffa, Curcuma longa, Crataegus sp, Rauwolfia serpentina, Rosmarinus officinalis, Crocus sativus ve Ephedra sinica olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Renin-Anjiyotensin-Aldosteron Sistemi;, Hipertansiyon;, Anjiyotensin II;, Kronik Hastalık;, Tıbbi Bitkiler;

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