Plastik Seralarda Toplam Isı Tüketim Katsayısı ve Isı Perdesinin Isı Tasarrufuna Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada, seralarda ısı tasarrufu için kullanılan ısı perdelerinin etkinliği ve toplam ısı tüketim katsayısı deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Araştırma Ocak ve Nisan ayları arasında farklı plastik örtü malzemeleri ile kaplı 150 m2 taban alanı olan üç farklı marul serasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sera ısıtmasında sıcak hava üflemeli ısıtıcılar kullanmıştır. Isıtıcılar zemin seviyesinden 30 cm yukarıda konumlandırılmıştır. Isıtma 08.00-05.00 saatleri arasında yapılmıştır. Bitki seviyesi ve çatı seviyesinin yanı sıra dış sıcaklık ve bağıl nem değerleri, veri kaydediciler ile ölçülmüştür. Bu ölçümler, rüzgâr hızına dayalı toplam ısı tüketim katsayısını istatistiksel olarak hesaplamak için kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, ısı perdelerinin ısı kaybına karşı bir direnç oluşturduğunu ve böylece ısı kayıplarını azalttığını göstermektedir. Aynı zamanda ısı perdelerinin, rüzgâr hızına bağlı olarak ısı kaybına etkisi de belirlenmiştir. Seralarda ısı tasarrufu oranlarının çok düşük rüzgâr hızlarında %8 ile %22 arasında ve 4 m s-1 rüzgâr hızında %17-36 arasında değiştiği hesaplanmıştır.

The Experimental Determination of The Impact of Overall Heat Consumption Coefficient and Thermal Screens on Heat Saving in Plastic Greenhouses

This study was conducted to experimentally determine the effect ofthermal screens used for heat saving and overall heat consumptioncoefficient on heat loss in greenhouses. The trial was established inthree different lettuce greenhouses with 150 m2 in floor size usingdifferent plastic covering materials between January and April. Hotair vent heaters were used for heating. The heaters were positioned30 cm above ground level. The heating was done between 08.00 p.m.and 05.00 a.m. Plant level and roof level as well as externaltemperature and relative humidity were measured with data loggers.These measurements were used to statistically calculate overall heatconsumption coefficient based on wind speed. The results demonstratethat thermal screens created a resistance against heat loss, thusreducing heat losses. The effect of thermal screens on heat lossdepending on the wind speed was also determined. It was found outthat heat saving ratios in greenhouses varied between 8% to 22%under very low wind speeds and between 17% - 36% under a windspeed of 4 m s-1.

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